The role of self‐esteem in the treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa – A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Kästner, Denise; Löwe, Bernd; Gumz, Antje

doi:10.1002/eat.22975

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…This treatment resulted in significantly lower discharge scores on ED symptoms and outcomes relevant to anxiety (including experiential avoidance [Kashdan, Barrios, Forsyth, & Steger, ] and anxiety sensitivity [McNally, ]), relative to admission (Thompson‐Brenner, Boswell, Espel‐Huynh, Brooks, & Lowe, ). As another example, transdiagnostic interventions that target low self‐esteem, such as through increasing confidence and interpersonal effectiveness (e.g., interpersonal psychotherapy [e.g., Rieger et al, ], dialectical behavior skills [Linehan, ]), could be efficacious (e.g., Kästner, Löwe, & Gumz, ; Vall & Wade, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging eating disorder symptoms and trait anxiety in patients with eating disorders: A network approach

Forrest

Sarfan

Ortiz

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: Anxiety is thought to influence the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). However, little is known about how, specifically, anxiety influences ED symptoms and vice versa. Network analysis identifies how symptoms within and across disorders are interconnected. In a network, central nodes (i.e., symptoms) have the strongest relations to other nodes and are thought to maintain psychopathology. Bridge nodes are symptoms in one diagnostic cluster that are strongly connected to symptoms in another diagnostic cluster and are thought to explain comorbidity. We identified central and bridge nodes in a network of ED symptoms and trait anxiety features.Method: We estimated a regularized partial correlation network in patients with mixed EDs (N = 296). ED symptoms were assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire. Trait anxiety was assessed with the Trait subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Items to include in the network were selected with a statistical algorithm to ensure that all nodes represented unique constructs. Central and bridge nodes were identified with empirical calculations.Results: Central ED nodes were dietary restraint, as well as overvaluation of and dissatisfaction with shape and weight. The central trait anxiety node was low feelings of satisfaction. The strongest ED bridge node was avoidance of social eating. The strongest trait anxiety bridge node was low self-confidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging eating disorder symptoms and trait anxiety in patients with eating disorders: A network approach

Forrest

Sarfan

Ortiz

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…Furthermore, they would feel a sense of superiority over others based on their eating practices which are the primary focus of their lives. A recent meta-analysis concluded that selfesteem difficulties are highly relevant in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN) and that transdiagnostic approaches regarding other eating disorders (such as ON) can be recommended [20]. Despite its relevance in disordered eating and other destructive health behaviors [21], self-esteem was generally found to be unrelated to ON [7,[22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low self-esteem predicts orthorexia nervosa, mediated by spiritual attitudes among frequent exercisers

2021

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Objective The aim of this study was to measure how orthorexic tendencies relate to age, self-esteem, and spirituality. We conducted the study on a sample of Hungarian adults performing regular fitness activity. Method 175 participants completed a four-part online survey: demographics and training habits, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Eating Habits Questionnaire-Revised (EHQ-R), and one of the Spiritual Awareness questionnaire’s subscale. We performed univariate linear regression to assess the predictor role of age on orthorexic tendencies. Mediation analysis was conducted to determine the effect of self-esteem on orthorexic tendencies and the mediator role of spiritual attitudes. Results Age negatively correlated with EHQ-R, and there were no gender differences. Lower self-esteem was a predictor for orthorexic tendencies with the total effect of ß = -0.3046 (p < 0.0001). In part, this is a direct relationship, but it is mediated by spiritual awareness as well. Discussion Among frequent exercisers, strict dieting is likely to originate from a lack of self-esteem due to perfectionist standards, social comparison, and the aspiration of being in control. In case self-esteem is achieved through spiritual approaches, individuals may experience positive changes in their attitudes toward eating and their bodies as well. In the future, it is important to confirm whether the EHQ-R indicates diagnostic boundaries. Level of evidence Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.

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“…It is further noteworthy, that women with AN reported significantly lower IS compared with women without AN. This could reflect low overall self‐confidence of women with AN (Kastner, Lowe, & Gumz, 2019), leading to mistrust in their performance on the HBTT. Future research should investigate, how low IS in AN relates to other aspect of eating disorders pathology (e.g., the difficulty of discriminating bodily signals relating to hunger and satiety).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a recent study by Körner et al (2019) found power posing to increase state self‐esteem. It would be important to assess whether this effect also occurs in AN populations, who display low levels of self‐esteem (Kastner et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using bodily postures in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: Effects of power posing on interoception and affective states

Weineck

Hauke

Lindemann

et al. 2020

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Power posing involves the adoption of an expansive bodily posture. This study examined whether power posing could benefit individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and women with normal weight in regards to interoceptive ability and affective states. Method: Participants included 50 inpatients and outpatients with AN as well as 51 normal-weight women. Interoceptive accuracy (IAcc), measured by the heartbeat tracking task and interoceptive sensibility (IS), measured by confidence ratings, were assessed at baseline, after a single power posing session and after 1 week of daily training. Also, the short-term effects of power posing on subjective feelings of dominance, pleasantness, and arousal were investigated. Results: Both groups increased in their IAcc after one power posing session. Also, there was a significant main effect of time on feelings of dominance and pleasantness in the short-term. Women with AN displayed lower levels of IS, dominance, and pleasantness as well as higher levels of arousal than women without AN. Discussion: These findings suggest that power posing has the potential to increase IAcc, subjective feelings of power and pleasant affect in the shortterm. Further research should investigate which mechanisms foster the effectiveness of this intervention to tailor it to the needs of women with AN.

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The role of self‐esteem in the treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa – A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 104 publications

Bridging eating disorder symptoms and trait anxiety in patients with eating disorders: A network approach

Bridging eating disorder symptoms and trait anxiety in patients with eating disorders: A network approach

Low self-esteem predicts orthorexia nervosa, mediated by spiritual attitudes among frequent exercisers

Using bodily postures in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: Effects of power posing on interoception and affective states

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