The role of seed banks in sustaining alkali grassland biodiversity in the Hortobágy National Park, Hungary

Tóth, K.; Lukács, B. A.; Radócz, Sz.; Simon, E.

doi:10.17716/botkozlem.2015.102.1-2.141

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The mechanism of storage and evaporation is completely unknown in the world of physiology. At the end of the last millennium, water transport experiments on Sikfőkút were a milestone in physiological research, involving several famous institutions and universities were involved [9]. Without being exhaustive ATOMKI Budapest, Hungary, DOTE Debrecen, Hungary, University of Marburg, IATA Florence, University of Forestry and Woodworking Sopron, Hungary.…”

Section: How the Water Pump Work?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Theory of Tree Sap Flow

Török,

Máthé,

Hegedus

2024

Preprint

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The theory of water transport in trees, according to which the main driving force of water movement is the suction created by the evaporation of water by the meniscus (the curved surface of the capillary liquid column) on the evaporating elements, supported from below by root pressure, is flawed. The capillary effect in nature is around one meter. In the case of open-air gaps, the leaf cannot suck in the water against gravity because, in this case, the plant would not be sucking in water, but air through the open-air gap. If not, how do trees transport water? When evaporation occurs, there is no suction towards the canopy, but pressure is due to a reduction in the cross-section of the water pipe caused by heat loss through evaporation. At night, when evaporation stops, a thermal equilibration process is triggered, which restores the original cross-section of the pipe. This generates suction and draws water from the soil. As the hydrostatic pressure in the pipe is high for tall trees, the pipe is cut off. To prove my theory, I have given several examples. Water transport is not based on physical mechanical laws alone. There may be complex physiological, biochemical, and biophysical processes behind the operation of the pipe system.

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Section: How the Water Pump Work?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Theory of Tree Sap Flow

Török,

Máthé,

Hegedus

2024

Preprint

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“…Firstly, environmental conditions at the clearing sites are preferable for the more light-demanding weed species. Secondly, it has been found that in several grassland types most of the characteristic species have only sporadically persistent seed banks [44,45]. The total seed density proved to be variable, which is also true of most natural and semi-natural habitats [46].…”

Section: Seed Bank Composition and Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Vegetation, Soil Seed Bank and Soil Properties at Bait Sites in a Protected Area of the Central European Lower Montane Zone

et al. 2022

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Feeding places for shooting wild boar (so-called bait sites) are spreading in some regions and they have a growing impact on natural ecosystems. Bait sites were investigated to detect the changes in vegetation, the soil seed bank and soil nutrients. The study area is situated in the Mátra Landscape Protection Area, representing a typical oak forest in the Central European lower montane zone (in Hungary). Two types of bait sites were selected: forests and clearings. A vegetation survey, a soil seed bank experiment and a soil analysis were conducted. The degree of degradation of vegetation was similar at the various bait sites, but only the abundance of weeds was higher in the clearings. The density of weed seeds in the soil varied regardless of type, clearly showing the effects of artificial seed sources. The number of weed species was, however, significantly higher in the clearings. The degree of Jaccard-similarity between the vegetation and the seed bank was the highest in the clearings. The dominance of long-term persistent seeds did not differ among bait sites, indicating frequent disturbances at these sites. The amount of soil nutrients was significantly (more than 10 times) higher in the clearings and this, along with their greater openness, may be responsible for the higher number of weed species in their seed banks. The vegetation and the soil of the clearings proved to be more degraded, mainly due to their habitat characteristics, but the seed bank was similarly infected in the less weedy forests; thus, all bait sites may equally be the focal points of a possible invasion. It means new challenges for the management, considering that climate change and the intensive logging and hunting activities can strengthen the effects of bait sites.

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The role of seed banks in sustaining alkali grassland biodiversity in the Hortobágy National Park, Hungary

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

A New Theory of Tree Sap Flow

A New Theory of Tree Sap Flow

Changes in the Vegetation, Soil Seed Bank and Soil Properties at Bait Sites in a Protected Area of the Central European Lower Montane Zone

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