The role of schizotypy, mental imagery, and fantasy proneness in hallucinatory reports of undergraduate students

Ven, Vincent van de

doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00304-5

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Third, the joint analysis of fantasy and schizotypy showed that in adolescents, fantasy converges with magical ideation-that is, the cognitive-perceptual dimension of schizotypy-whereas it diverges from the interpersonal aspects of schizotypy. This finding is consistent with previous studies that underline the tendency of fantasizers to report unusual experiences and to endorse bizarre items (Merckelbach et al, 2000b(Merckelbach et al, , 2001Van de Ven and Merckelbach, 2003) but does not give any indication that other rare aspects, such as ideas of reference and suspiciousness, are also present in these subjects. Therefore, our results confirm previous studies that showed that fantasy proneness could be considered a moderately psychopathological dimension.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Relationship Between Fantasy Proneness and Schizotypy in Adolescents

Sánchez-Bernardos

Avia

2006

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

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Previous research has found substantial relationships between fantasy proneness and schizotypy in adulthood. The aim of the present study is to examine the connections between these constructs in an adolescent sample. A sample of 511 adolescents filled out a measure of fantasy proneness and a measure of psychotic-like phenomena. The factorial pattern for schizotypal traits in adolescents replicate the earlier documented three-factor structure. Also, the full range of schizotypal features was found to be related to imaginative tendencies tapped by fantasy proneness. Finally, joint analysis of fantasy and schizotypy showed that, in adolescents, fantasy converges with magical ideation and the cognitive-perceptual dimension of schizotypy, but diverges from the interpersonal aspects of schizotypy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Relationship Between Fantasy Proneness and Schizotypy in Adolescents

Sánchez-Bernardos

Avia

2006

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

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“…Furthermore, in the general population a relationship has been found between self-reports of image vividness and levels of fantasizing (e.g. Aleman & de Haan, 2004;van de Ven & Merckelbach, 2003;Vannucci & Mazzoni, 2009), and synesthetes have been found to report higher levels of fantasy proneness (Banissy et al, 2013). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond visual imagery: How modality-specific is enhanced mental imagery in synesthesia?

Spiller

Jonas

Simner

et al. 2015

Consciousness and Cognition

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Synesthesia based in visual modalities has been associated with reports of vivid visual imagery. We extend this finding to consider whether other forms of synesthesia are also associated with enhanced imagery, and whether this enhancement reflects the modality of synesthesia. We used self-report imagery measures across multiple sensory modalities, comparing synesthetes' responses (with a variety of forms of synesthesia) to those of nonsynesthete matched controls. Synesthetes reported higher levels of visual, auditory, gustatory, olfactory and tactile imagery and a greater level of imagery use. Furthermore, their reported enhanced imagery is restricted to the modalities involved in the individual's synesthesia. There was also a relationship between the number of forms of synesthesia an individual has, and the reported vividness of their imagery, highlighting the need for future research to consider the impact of multiple forms of synesthesia. We also recommend the use of behavioral measures to validate these self-report findings.KEYWORDS: synesthesia, mental imagery, visual imagery, auditory imagery, gustatory imagery, tactile imagery, olfactory imagery Highlights: We compare self-reported mental imagery across many variants of synesthesia. Synesthetes report more vivid imagery than controls across multiple modalities. Enhanced imagery is limited to modalities involved in an individual's synesthesia. We advise researchers to consider the impact of multiple forms of synesthesia.

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“…Indeed, high MI might also predict a later mood disorder (Chapman et al, 1994) and is a common feature not only of the schizophrenia spectrum disorders but also a symptom of some personality disorders (eg Lyons et al, 1995;Kwapil et al, 1997). Thus, positive schizotypy may be accompanied by a relative hyperdopaminergia, but yet reflects just one of the many DA-mediated variations of the human mind and personality (Horrobin, 1998;Previc, 1999) accompanied by distinct cognitive capacities (Gianotti et al, 2001;Weinstein and Graves, 2002) and, ultimately, an unusual way of perceiving the world (Wolfradt et al, 1999;Sto + ckenius and Brugger, 2000;McCreery and Claridge, 2002;Van de Ven and Merckelbach, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonstereotyped Responding in Positive Schizotypy after a Single Dose of Levodopa

Möhr

Landis

Sándor

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Stereotyped behavior and left-sided orientation biases, associated with the dopamine (DA) system, were observed in populations of the schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We investigated whether heightened DA concentrations influence both side biases and stereotyped responding in a visuo-motor computer task, in which 90, 180, and 2701 rotated objects had to be brought into a target position. To account for the role of the schizophrenia spectrum, task performance was also analyzed as a function of healthy participants' high or low magical ideation (MI), a positive schizotypal feature. The first 36 participants (20 women) remained substance free. In a second sample, 20 men received levodopa and 20 men a placebo in a double-blind procedure. Results showed that high MI scorers responded more stereotyped than low MI scorers, without being specifically biased towards the left side. Rotation preferences toward one or the other side made high MI scorers less flexible for objects efficiently to be rotated into the opposite direction. This inflexibility may reflect impaired left hemisphere functioning. Unexpectedly, in the levodopa group, high MI scorers performed superior to low MI scorers. Since DA actions appear to follow an inverted U-shape function, the 'low' performing high MI scorers profited from the enhanced DA availability. Our observation in the levodopa group points to a dissociation between schizotypy and schizophrenia: while cognitive improvement in schizophrenia can occur after treatment with atypical neuroleptic agents, in our positive schizotypal participants a DA agonist resulted in improved task performance. This dissociation may point to protective neurochemical mechanisms preventing healthy schizotypes from developing full-blown psychotic symptoms.

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The role of schizotypy, mental imagery, and fantasy proneness in hallucinatory reports of undergraduate students

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

The Relationship Between Fantasy Proneness and Schizotypy in Adolescents

The Relationship Between Fantasy Proneness and Schizotypy in Adolescents

Beyond visual imagery: How modality-specific is enhanced mental imagery in synesthesia?

Nonstereotyped Responding in Positive Schizotypy after a Single Dose of Levodopa

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