The role of molecular weight in the enzyme-inhibiting effect of phenolics: the significance in peatland carbon sequestration

Dunn, Christian; Freeman, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.06.036

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A suppression of all extracellular enzymes activities involved in carbon and nitrogen cycles was observed (Supplementary Table 2 and Supplementary Text 2), consistent with the main mechanism of antimicrobial action proposed in the literature, that is, inactivation via protein precipitation and competitive inhibition 24,[31][32][33][34] . In line with the increased effect on decomposition during drought, the majority of enzymes were suppressed to a greater degree.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Extracellular Enzyme Activitiessupporting

confidence: 87%

Woody litter protects peat carbon stocks during drought

Fenner

Freeman

2020

Nat. Clim. Chang.

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Section: Inhibition Of Extracellular Enzyme Activitiessupporting

confidence: 87%

Woody litter protects peat carbon stocks during drought

Fenner

Freeman

2020

Nat. Clim. Chang.

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“…The richness of lignins in fen peat, especially woody peat, and polyphenols such as tannins was visible in the higher shares of ADL, methoxyl and aromatics compared with the bog subsoil samples (Figure 3). Phenolic compounds are inhibitors of hydrolase enzymes, which are major agents in the decomposition of organic matter (Dunn & Freeman, 2018). The fen and bog subsoil samples had similar portions of phenolics, but decomposition seems to be dependent on the type of polyphenol rather than on the total amount (Bragazza et al., 2007; Zak et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The differences in the origins of fen and bog peat might result in differing decomposability. Inhibitory effects of compounds such as polyphenolics protect plants from microbial breakdown (Dunn & Freeman, 2018; Freeman et al., 2001). Fens are often dominated by vascular plants that contain polyphenolics mainly in the form of lignin and tannins (Zak et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate quality of drained organic soils—Implications for carbon dioxide fluxes

Säurich

Tiemeyer²,

Dettmann

et al. 2021

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Background Peatlands only cover a minor fraction of the global terrestrial surface, but due to drainage, they are major contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from soils. Previous studies have shown that hydrological conditions, nutrient availability and anthropogenic disturbance play an important role in the mineralisation of organic matter. Furthermore, microbial turnover depends on peat quality, which is determined by its botanical origin and degree of transformation under natural conditions. Aims The objective of this study was to shed light on the interdependence between mineralisation rates, secondary transformation of peat and chemical composition by examining the differences between bog and fen peat and between strongly degraded topsoil and well‐preserved subsoil. Methods Bog and fen peat from ten different peatlands under grassland use in Germany were analysed for their chemical composition using standard 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and wet chemical extractions for fibre analysis. The radiocarbon age was determined as well. The results were combined with CO2 fluxes from a previous incubation study. Results Topsoils had higher shares of proteins and lipids, and lower shares of carbohydrates and aromatics than subsoils. Bog peat subsoils were characterised by higher shares of carbohydrates and lower shares of aromatics than fen peat subsoils. Topsoils were more similar to each other in their chemical composition than the subsoils. Considering all samples, aromatics and phenolics were negatively correlated with CO2 fluxes. Measured CO2 fluxes from topsoils were significantly higher than from subsoils. However, no influences of chemical composition on CO2 fluxes were detected when examining topsoils and subsoils separately. Even though aromatics and phenolics showed positive relationships with radiocarbon age, differences in age alone were unable to explain the higher amounts of these compounds in the subsoil. Conclusions The results imply that chemical composition of topsoil peat is not the reason for higher mineralisation rates compared to subsoil peat, but rather a consequence of decomposition and transformation. Thus, peat mineralisation of drained organic soils under agriculture might not slow down over time due to gradually decreasing peat quality but could increase further.

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“…Polyphenols, for example, are known to regulate nutrient cycling in many ecosystems, including natural peatlands (Freeman et al, 2001;Hättenschwiler & Vitousek, 2000). Although polyphenol addition shows potential in slowing decomposition in natural peatlands (Dunn & Freeman, 2018), their addition to agricultural peatlands has not yet been studied. F I G U R E 3 Linear discriminant analysis of the parameters significantly affected by the addition of copper for the three time periods incubation (p < .05).…”

Section: Cu Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural peatlands conservation: How does the addition of plant biomass and copper affect soil fertility?

Bourdon

Fortin

Dessureault‐Rompré

et al. 2021

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Subsidence, erosion, and degradation in agricultural peatlands are leading to the disappearance of highly fertile farmland. This study investigated two strategies aimed at extending the lifespan of cultivated peat soils: the application of straw and wood chips to compensate for soil losses and the application of copper (Cu) to slow peat decomposition, based on previous recommendations. Peat soil samples (270 g) were amended with 11 t ha -1 of biomass materials (14.8 g kg -1 ) and 235.6 mg Cu kg -1 and incubated in glass jars at constant temperature and water content. Thirty chemical parameters were then monitored over a 56-d period through repeated soil sampling. Discriminant analysis showed that the addition of biomass had the greatest affect on nitrogen (N) availability, immobilizing 7.8 to 12.1 kg of inorganic N per metric ton of incorporated biomass. Considering that peat soils may require from 4 to 40 t biomass ha -1 yr -1 to reach carbon equilibrium, the tested biomass materials could immobilize from 34 to 500 kg ha -1 of N if confirmed at the field scale. This may help capture excess N but may also limit crop growth. Alternatively, slowing decomposition could reduce both biomass requirements and N immobilization. However, the results show that Cu had little effect on parameters linked to organic matter decomposition. Indeed, dissolved organic carbon was decreased by 11% in Cu-treated soils. A longer-term study should be conducted to confirm these observations at the field scale, thus helping to develop conservation strategies suitable for agricultural production.

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The role of molecular weight in the enzyme-inhibiting effect of phenolics: the significance in peatland carbon sequestration

Cited by 26 publications

References 30 publications

Woody litter protects peat carbon stocks during drought

Woody litter protects peat carbon stocks during drought

Substrate quality of drained organic soils—Implications for carbon dioxide fluxes

Agricultural peatlands conservation: How does the addition of plant biomass and copper affect soil fertility?

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