The Role of Metabolism and Specific Metabolites in Benzene-Induced Toxicity: Evidence and Issues

Benzene Induces Cytotoxicity without Metabolic Activation

“…The %mdC levels in HL-60 cells in our experiments are similar to those reported earlier by Aarbakke, et al 22) and decreased when cells were incubated with AzaC. It is generally accepted that benzene toxicity is mediated through the metabolic formation of reactive metabolites [3][4][5][6] . Various metabolites of benzene are considered to lead to toxicity through the production of ROS, inhibition of topoisomerase and induction of DNA damage [3][4][5][6] .…”

Benzene Induces Cytotoxicity without Metabolic Activation

“…The %mdC levels in HL-60 cells in our experiments are similar to those reported earlier by Aarbakke, et al 22) and decreased when cells were incubated with AzaC. It is generally accepted that benzene toxicity is mediated through the metabolic formation of reactive metabolites [3][4][5][6] . Various metabolites of benzene are considered to lead to toxicity through the production of ROS, inhibition of topoisomerase and induction of DNA damage [3][4][5][6] .…”

Toluene Can Disrupt Rat Ovarian Follicullogenesis and Steroidogenesis and Induce Both Autophagy and Apoptosis

“…This is in accordance with the TUNEL assay results, which demonstrated that apoptotic cells increased in a dose-dependent manner in response to toluene exposure, even though the increase was not significant at 2000 ppm. Consistent with previous studies, environmental toxins, including benzene, toluene and xylene, have been shown to cause cellular processes to be disrupted by inducing apoptosis and genotoxicity [ 10 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ].…”

Effect of Gasoline Exposure on Hematological Parameters of Gas Station Workers in Mekelle City, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

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Benzene Induces Cytotoxicity without Metabolic Activation

“…The %mdC levels in HL-60 cells in our experiments are similar to those reported earlier by Aarbakke, et al 22) and decreased when cells were incubated with AzaC. It is generally accepted that benzene toxicity is mediated through the metabolic formation of reactive metabolites [3][4][5][6] . Various metabolites of benzene are considered to lead to toxicity through the production of ROS, inhibition of topoisomerase and induction of DNA damage [3][4][5][6] .…”

Toluene Can Disrupt Rat Ovarian Follicullogenesis and Steroidogenesis and Induce Both Autophagy and Apoptosis

“…This is in accordance with the TUNEL assay results, which demonstrated that apoptotic cells increased in a dose-dependent manner in response to toluene exposure, even though the increase was not significant at 2000 ppm. Consistent with previous studies, environmental toxins, including benzene, toluene and xylene, have been shown to cause cellular processes to be disrupted by inducing apoptosis and genotoxicity [ 10 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ].…”

Effect of Gasoline Exposure on Hematological Parameters of Gas Station Workers in Mekelle City, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

“……”

Benzene Induces Cytotoxicity without Metabolic Activation

“…The %mdC levels in HL-60 cells in our experiments are similar to those reported earlier by Aarbakke, et al 22) and decreased when cells were incubated with AzaC. It is generally accepted that benzene toxicity is mediated through the metabolic formation of reactive metabolites [3][4][5][6] . Various metabolites of benzene are considered to lead to toxicity through the production of ROS, inhibition of topoisomerase and induction of DNA damage [3][4][5][6] .…”

Toluene Can Disrupt Rat Ovarian Follicullogenesis and Steroidogenesis and Induce Both Autophagy and Apoptosis

“…This is in accordance with the TUNEL assay results, which demonstrated that apoptotic cells increased in a dose-dependent manner in response to toluene exposure, even though the increase was not significant at 2000 ppm. Consistent with previous studies, environmental toxins, including benzene, toluene and xylene, have been shown to cause cellular processes to be disrupted by inducing apoptosis and genotoxicity [ 10 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ].…”

Effect of Gasoline Exposure on Hematological Parameters of Gas Station Workers in Mekelle City, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

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