The role of hypersensitivity in the pathogenesis of vaccinia virus infection in humans

Pincus, William B.; Flick, John A.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(63)80071-2

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Also, the initial development of delayed hypersensitivity, an index of cell-mediated immunity, occurs as early as two days after a smallpox vaccination (7). Thus, monitoring a T cell response profile to a diverse panel of antigens may allow an earlier identification of the infecting agent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

T-Cell Response Profiling to Biological Threat Agents Including the Sars Coronavirus

Gioia¹,

Horejsh

Agrati³

et al. 2005

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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The emergence of pathogens such as SARS and the increased threat of bioterrorism has stimulated the development of novel diagnostic assays for differential diagnosis. Rather than focusing on the detection of an individual pathogen component, we have developed a T cell profiling system to monitor responses to the pathogens in an array format. Using a matrix of antigens specific for different pathogens, a specific T cell profile was generated for each individual by monitoring the intracellular production of interferon-gamma by flow cytometry. This assay allows for the testing of multiple proteins or peptides at a single time and provides a quantitative and phenotypic assessment of CD4(+) and CD8(+) responding cells. We present profiling examples for several positive individuals, including those vaccinated with the smallpox and anthrax vaccines. We also show antigen optimization for the SARShCoV, as studies revealed that these proteins contain peptides which cross-react with more common coronaviruses, a cause ofthe common cold. The T cell array is an early and sensitive multiplex measure of active infection, exposure to a pathogen, or effective, recent vaccination.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

T-Cell Response Profiling to Biological Threat Agents Including the Sars Coronavirus

Gioia¹,

Horejsh

Agrati³

et al. 2005

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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“…1). A correlation, however, could not be established between the concentration of the virus in the lymph nodes and the number and appearance of reticulolymphoblasts. Thus hypersensitivity to the vaccinia virus might also play a contributory role as suggested by Pincus and Flick (1963).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Histological and ultrastructural changes in experimentally produced post‐vaccinial lymphadenitis in rabbits

Mehrotra¹

1978

The Journal of Pathology

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Light and Electron microscopic alterations in lymph nodes after intradermal vaccinia virus inoculation are described. In the early stages the lymph nodes show a diffuse lymphoreticular proliferation associated with the appearance of peculiar large cells called reticulolymphoblasts. This appearance can be mistaken for malignant lymphoma. Later on, these changes are replaced by markedly hypertrophied lymphoid follicles which persist for long periods. These alterations can be mistaken for follicular lymphoma. Evidence is presented that reticulolymphoblasts are derived from transformed lymphocytes.

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“…Because strong correlations between the data derived from ELISPOT, tetramer assays, and intracellular cytokine staining for IFN-γ were previously observed (14), vaccinia-specific T cells could be detected by flow cytometry only a few days after immunization with vaccinia virus. In addition, Pincus and Flick demonstrated the initial development of delayed hypersensitivity, an index of cell-mediated immunity, as early as 2 days after smallpox vaccination (15). During viral infection, high levels of virus-specific T cells are found in acute infection, falling below detectable limits as the viral load decreases and reappearing in chronic infections during episodes of transient viremia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Cytometry and T-Cell Response Monitoring after Smallpox Vaccination

Poccia

Gioia

Montesano

et al. 2003

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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The role of hypersensitivity in the pathogenesis of vaccinia virus infection in humans

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

T-Cell Response Profiling to Biological Threat Agents Including the Sars Coronavirus

T-Cell Response Profiling to Biological Threat Agents Including the Sars Coronavirus

Histological and ultrastructural changes in experimentally produced post‐vaccinial lymphadenitis in rabbits

Flow Cytometry and T-Cell Response Monitoring after Smallpox Vaccination

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