The role of chemical structure in indacenodithienothiophene-<i>alt</i>-benzothiadiazole copolymers for high performance organic solar cells with improved photo-stability through minimization of burn-in loss

Chochos, Christos L.; Leclerc, Nicolas; Gasparini, Nicola; Zimmerman, Nicolas; Tatsi, Elisavet; Avgeropoulos, Apostolos; Moschovas, Dimitrios; Serpetzoglou, Efthymis; Konidakis, Ioannis; Fall, Sadiara; Lévêque, P.; Heiser, T.; Spanos, Michael; Gregoriou, Vasilis G.; Stratakis, Emmanuel; Ameri, Tayebeh; Brabec, Christoph J.; Avgeropoulos, Apostolos

doi:10.1039/c7ta09224e

Cited by 24 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Interfaces 2019, 6,1900213 The photo-and thermal stabilities of the OPV device utilizing the TNPs were dependent on the type of organic ligand present on the TNP surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interfaces 2019,6, 1900213 The OPV devices with TNP-Ph, TNP-Me, TNP-H, and without ETL maintained 93%, 94%, 94%, and 103% of the initial PCE at 25 °C, respectively; soaking test was due to photo-oxidation of photoactive materials.…”

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confidence: 98%

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efficiency (PCE) of OPVs has already reached 14.2%. [2][3][4][5][6] The origin of the burn-in loss is thought to be mainly related to the instability of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphology and/or interface rather than the photo-oxidation of the photoactive layer.Morphological instability of photoactive layer is one of critical issues of burn-in loss in OPV. Especially, OPVs suffer from a rapid decrease in PCE during initial device operation, which is known as the "burn-in loss."

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Reducing Burn‐In Loss of Organic Photovoltaics by a Robust Electron‐Transporting Layer

Sim

Han

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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efficiency (PCE) of OPVs has already reached 14.2%. [1] However, a major drawback for the commercialization of OPVs is their long-term stability under continuous operation. Especially, OPVs suffer from a rapid decrease in PCE during initial device operation, which is known as the "burn-in loss." [2][3][4][5][6] The origin of the burn-in loss is thought to be mainly related to the instability of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphology and/or interface rather than the photo-oxidation of the photoactive layer.Morphological instability of photoactive layer is one of critical issues of burn-in loss in OPV. [7][8][9][10][11] Because electron-donating and electron-accepting materials are blended in a photoactive layer to form metastable BHJ, applying high-temperature heat or strong light can cause microscopic morphology changes resulting in the burn-in loss. [8,9] For typical OPVs utilizing a BHJ, a photoactive layer (blend of electrondonating conjugated polymer and electron-accepting fullerene) is sandwiched between two electrodes (anode/cathode) with their corresponding charge-transporting (hole/electron) interlayers. [12] The interlayers minimize the energy barrier between the photoactive layer and electrodes, and thereby enhance the collection efficiencies of electrons/holes on the cathode/ anode. Thus, significant efforts have been made to develop various electron-transporting layer (ETL) materials for OPVs such as transition metal oxides, [13] carbon-based materials, [14] polymers, [15] low work function metal salts, [16] and organicinorganic hybrids. [17] Among various ETL materials, transition metal oxides are commonly utilized because of their adequate highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels, stability, transparency, and excellent electron mobility. [5,18] Additionally, transition metal oxide ETLs provide an excellent barrier property against oxygen and metal electrode diffusion compared to organic ETL materials. Various types of transition metal oxides such as zinc oxide (ZnO), [19] titanium oxide (TiO 2 or TiO x ), [20][21][22] tin oxide (SnO 2 or SnO x ), [23] and niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5 or NbO x ) [24] have been explored for use as ETL materials for OPVs. Generally, the transition metal oxide layer is deposited by vacuum deposition techniques such as sputtering, [22] atomic layer deposition, [25] or It is revealed that instability of interface between photoactive layer and electron-transporting layer (ETL) is one of the causes of the rapid degradation of organic photovoltaics (OPV) performance during initial operation (burn-in loss) under the light soaking. The stability of OPV is greatly enhanced by applying a robust ETL composed of TiO 2 nanoparticles (TNPs). The TNPs bound with π-π interactive 3-phenylpentane-2,4-dione (TNP-Ph) form more robust ETLs than those bound with van der Waals interactive 3-methyl-2,4pentanedione TNP (TNP-Me). The OPV with TNP-Ph maintains 73% of its initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) after 1000 h of light soa...

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“…Interfaces 2019, 6,1900213 The photo-and thermal stabilities of the OPV device utilizing the TNPs were dependent on the type of organic ligand present on the TNP surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing Burn‐In Loss of Organic Photovoltaics by a Robust Electron‐Transporting Layer

Sim

Han

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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“…The synthesis of bis(trimethylstannyl)tetrahexylphenyl‐IDTT (M1), bis(trimethylstannyl)tetrahexylthienyl‐IDTT (M2), 5,8‐dibromo‐2,3‐bis(3‐(octyloxy)phenyl)quinoxaline and 5,8‐dibromo‐6‐fluoro‐2,3‐bis(3‐(octyloxy)phenyl)quinoxaline (M4) were performed according to the previously reported literature. The general experimental condition for the polymerizations is analytically described below: distannyl substituted indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT) (0.15 mmol) and dibromo quinoxaline derivatives (0.15 mmol) were dissolved in dry toluene (0.025 m ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, atomic substitution of the polymer backbone with fluorine atoms has attracted a lot of attention. Indeed, fluorine atoms impact positively some of the key features of such polymers including the lowering of the energy levels, the reinforcement of intra‐ and inter‐molecular interactions and finally the BHJ stability improvement thanks to the highest solid‐state cohesion . However, the performance improvement by fluorine addition is not necessarily straightforward, as some of the final physico‐chemical properties could be altered such as the solubility, the processability, and the miscibility with the electron‐accepting component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Aryl Substituents and Fluorine Addition on the Optoelectronic Properties and Organic Solar Cell Performance of a High Efficiency Indacenodithienothiophene‐alt‐Quinoxaline π‐Conjugated Polymer

Tatsi

Spanos

Avgeropoulos

et al. 2018

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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A series of donor‐acceptor (D‐A) π‐conjugated polymers, based on indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT) as an electron‐donating unit and quinoxaline as an electron‐deficient moiety, are synthesized via a Pd‐catalyzed Stille cross‐coupling polymerization. Molecular characteristics, photovoltaic parameters, and optoelectronic properties are examined through structural differences corresponding to thienyl versus phenyl side group substitutions on the IDTT and the non‐fluorinated versus the monofluoro quinoxaline derivatives. One of the most important outcome is that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the studied polymers is more device architecture dependent (conventional vs inverted) rather than chemical structure dependent. From single junction solar cells based on bulk heterojunction polymer:[6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) systems as the active layer, a maximum PCE of 5.33% has been achieved from the polymer containing the thienyl substituent on the IDTT and one fluorine atom on the quinoxaline. This demonstrates that finding the optimum molecular weight of ThIDTT‐QF or introducing the monofluoro‐quinoxaline in a regioregular motif in the polymer backbone significantly higher PCE can be expected versus the fully optimized high performance PhIDTT‐Q conjugated polymer.

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Chlorinated Organic Solar Cells

Chen

2022

Organic Solar Cells

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The role of chemical structure in indacenodithienothiophene-alt-benzothiadiazole copolymers for high performance organic solar cells with improved photo-stability through minimization of burn-in loss

Abstract: The organic solar cell initial burn-in loss is suppressed via the rational design of the polymer's chemical structure.

Cited by 24 publications

References 136 publications

Reducing Burn‐In Loss of Organic Photovoltaics by a Robust Electron‐Transporting Layer

Reducing Burn‐In Loss of Organic Photovoltaics by a Robust Electron‐Transporting Layer

Effect of Aryl Substituents and Fluorine Addition on the Optoelectronic Properties and Organic Solar Cell Performance of a High Efficiency Indacenodithienothiophene‐alt‐Quinoxaline π‐Conjugated Polymer

Chlorinated Organic Solar Cells

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