The Role of B Group Vitamins and Choline in Cognition and Brain Aging

Bonetti, Francesco; Brombo, Gloria; Zuliani, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805376-8.00015-0

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 158 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…After 30 min, plasma concentrations of PM and PLP were increased. This short lag time is likely explained by the fact that B6 vitamers are water-soluble and are absorbed in the gut by non-saturable passive diffusion of the non-phosphorylated forms [44]. In the first 3 h we saw an increase in plasma PM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Quantification of the B6 vitamers in human plasma and urine in a study with pyridoxamine as an oral supplement; pyridoxamine as an alternative for pyridoxine

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aims: Vitamin B6 is involved in a large spectrum of physiological processes and comprises of the vitamers pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxine (PN), and their phosphorylated derivatives including the biological active pyridoxal 5 0 -phosphate (PLP). While PN toxicity is known to complicate several treatments, PM has shown promise in relation to the treatment of metabolic and agerelated diseases by blocking oxidative degradation and scavenging toxic dicarbonyl compounds and reactive oxygen species. We aimed to assess the metabolization of oral PM supplements in a single and three daily dose. Materials and methods: We optimized and validated a method for the quantification of the B6 vitamers in plasma and urine using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Five healthy volunteers were recruited to study PM metabolization after a single oral dose of 200 mg PM or a three daily dose of 67 mg PM. A third protocol was implemented as control for dietary intake. Venous blood samples, 24 h urine and fasted second void urine samples were collected. Results: After a single oral dose of 200 mg PM, plasma PM increased in the first 3 h to a maximum of 2324 ± 266 nmol/L. While plasma PM levels returned to baseline after~10 h of PM intake, PLP increased to a maximum of 2787 ± 329 nmol/L and reached a plateau. We found a small increase of PN to a maximum of 13.5 ± 2.1 nmol/L; it was nearly undetectable after~12 h. With a three daily dose of 67 mg PM we observed an increase and decline of plasma PM, PL, and PN concentrations after each PM intake. PLP showed a similar increase as in the single dose protocol and accumulated over time. Conclusion:In this study we showed high plasma levels of PM after oral PM supplementation. We found steadily increasing levels of the biologically active PLP, with minimal formation of PN. The B6 vitamer PM is an interesting supplement as an inhibitor of harmful processes in metabolic diseases and for the treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency. Clinical trial registry: The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Maastricht University (NL) and was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02954588.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Quantification of the B6 vitamers in human plasma and urine in a study with pyridoxamine as an oral supplement; pyridoxamine as an alternative for pyridoxine

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is supposed that diet is a cornerstone of neuron development and degeneration. Choline, highly enriched in chicken egg yolk, plays a key role in multiple metabolic pathways related to the nervous system's structural and functional integrity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Choline, highly enriched in chicken egg yolk, plays a key role in multiple metabolic pathways related to the nervous system's structural and functional integrity. 18 In this study, different levels of egg white and egg yolk were fed to rats to investigate their growth, serum lipid levels and neuron development in the hippocampus, in order to elucidate whether egg white or egg yolk could be used separately as food for long-term consumption. The genes of BDNF and TrkB from the hippocampus were selected for a cognitive assessment of rats fed diets containing egg white or egg yolk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consuming egg yolk decreases body weight and increases serum HDL and brain expression of TrkB in male SD rats

Chen

Boni

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Egg yolks contain large amounts of cholesterol and are suspected to be harmful after long‐term consumption. In this experiment, 63 rats were used to evaluate the effect of egg white (EW) and egg yolk (EY) supplementation on serum lipids and brain cognition. The feeding time lasted 4 weeks after a 1‐week acclimation. RESULTS Body weight was significantly higher in rats fed 132.0 g kg−1 EW and significantly lower when fed 40 g kg−1 EY (P < 0.05). Total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein increased in rats fed 72.0 g kg−1 EW compared with rats from NC and EY groups (P < 0.05). High‐density lipoprotein (HDL) was higher in rats fed 40 g kg−1 EY and decreased when fed 72.0 g kg−1 EW (P < 0.05). Rats fed a diet with EY exhibited abundant neurons in the CA1 hippocampus and complete subcellular structures. Rats fed 132 g kg−1 EW exhibited shrunken cells and swollen mitochondria. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor had constitutively low expression among groups, while tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) exhibited higher expression levels in rats fed a diet containing EY compared with other groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION EY consumption reduced body weight and increased HDL levels. Diet containing EY could improve cognition through enhanced trkB expression. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

show abstract

“…According to the findings of Bonetti et al (2017), B group vitamins and choline are certainly essential nutrients for adequate brain development, function, and protection. A balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables and minimal intake of foods of animal origin, in the absence of malabsorption and severe comorbidities, should ensure a sufficient provision of the necessary micronutrients for the maintenance of normal neurological functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Composition of Plant-Based Texture: Modified Foods for Dysphagia Patients

Kampuse

Ozola

Krūma

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are approximately 590 million people in the world with swallowing disorders (dysphagia), who need texture-modified foods to ensure nutritional intake on a daily basis. The aim of this research was to create new texture-modified products and to evaluate their bioactive and mineral compound concentration. Nine new products (five desserts and four puree-soups) were developed from plant-based ingredients with addition of a source of protein, canola oil, ascorbic acid, and other ingredients. Obtained samples were vacuum-cooked, sterilised at 115 °C for 5 min and tested for their bioactive compound concentration (total carotene and phenol concentration, and ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity), and concentration of seven vitamins and thirteen minerals important in human nutrition. The obtained data showed that bioactive compound concentration varied from sample to sample, which was expected due to the varied ingredients of each product. Mineral compound concentration analysis showed low levels of iodine, molybdenum, and selenium. The vitamin analysis showed traces of vitamin D3 and low levels of B group vitamins. Overall, the analysed product composition indicated that the natural background of these products is insufficient for ensuring the human body with all of the necessary vitamins and minerals, and the best solution could be the supplementation of these products with complexes of vitamins and minerals.

show abstract

The Role of B Group Vitamins and Choline in Cognition and Brain Aging

Cited by 12 publications

References 158 publications

Quantification of the B6 vitamers in human plasma and urine in a study with pyridoxamine as an oral supplement; pyridoxamine as an alternative for pyridoxine

Quantification of the B6 vitamers in human plasma and urine in a study with pyridoxamine as an oral supplement; pyridoxamine as an alternative for pyridoxine

Consuming egg yolk decreases body weight and increases serum HDL and brain expression of TrkB in male SD rats

Nutritional Composition of Plant-Based Texture: Modified Foods for Dysphagia Patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About