The role of artificial and natural sweeteners in reducing the consumption of table sugar: A narrative review

Mooradian, Arshag D.; Smith, Meridith; Tokuda, Masaaki

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.01.004

Cited by 168 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…It is necessary to understand the associated dose-response pattern in humans. (2) The role of the small intestine in fructose metabolism in mice and humans may have diverged across evolution. In fact, humans have a relative shorter gut and smaller intestinal area than rodents [93].…”

Section: Revisiting the Role Of Liver And Small Intestine In Fructosementioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Fructose and Glucose Metabolism in Health and Disease

et al. 2019

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The worldwide epidemics of obesity and diabetes have been linked to increased sugar consumption in humans. Here, we review fructose and glucose metabolism, as well as potential molecular mechanisms by which excessive sugar consumption is associated to metabolic diseases and insulin resistance in humans. To this end, we focus on understanding molecular and cellular mechanisms of fructose and glucose transport and sensing in the intestine, the intracellular signaling effects of dietary sugar metabolism, and its impact on glucose homeostasis in health and disease. Finally, the peripheral and central effects of dietary sugars on the gut-brain axis will be reviewed.

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Section: Revisiting the Role Of Liver And Small Intestine In Fructosementioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Fructose and Glucose Metabolism in Health and Disease

et al. 2019

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“…Artificial sweeteners were the sixth most avoided ingredient reported by consumers , following added sugar, salt, high fructose corn syrup, fats/oils, and other artificial ingredients , highlighting the need for something new. The food industry is responding to consumer desire to lower added sugar, while maintaining product palatability, but from the standpoint of a consumer packaged goods company, there are numerous issues to consider. These include guidance to reduce added sugar from public health organizations , proposed changes to the nutrition facts panel, proposed policies to reduce added sugar intake such as SSB taxes , and consumer desire to reduce added sugar intake , all reiterating the need to lower product sugar content.…”

Section: Seminar 3: Are Added Sugar Alternatives or Other Novel Ingrementioning

confidence: 99%

From biology to behavior: a cross‐disciplinary seminar series surrounding added sugar and low‐calorie sweetener consumption

Sylvetsky

Hiedacavage

Shah

et al. 2019

Obesity Science & Practice

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Summary Introduction This report presents a synopsis of a three‐part, cross‐sector, seminar series held at the George Washington University (GWU) in Washington, DC from February–April, 2018. The overarching goal of the seminar series was to provide a neutral forum for diverse stakeholders to discuss and critically evaluate approaches to address added sugar intake, with a key focus on the role of low‐calorie sweeteners (LCS). Methods During three seminars, twelve speakers from academic institutions, federal agencies, non‐profit organizations, and the food and beverage industries participated in six interactive panel discussions to address: 1) Do Farm Bill Policies Impact Population Sugar Intake? 2) What is the Impact of Sugar‐sweetened Beverage (SSB) Taxes on Health and Business? 3) Is Sugar Addictive? 4) Product Reformulation Efforts: Progress, Challenges, and Concerns? 5) Low‐calorie Sweeteners: Helpful or Harmful, and 6) Are Novel Sweeteners a Plausible Solution? Discussion of each topic involved brief 15‐minute presentations from the speakers, which were followed by a 25‐minute panel discussion moderated by GWU faculty members and addressed questions generated by the audience. Sessions were designed to represent opposing views and stimulate meaningful debate. Given the provocative nature of the seminar series, attendee questions were gathered anonymously using Pigeonhole™, an interactive, online, question and answer platform. Results This report summarizes each presentation and recapitulates key perspectives offered by the speakers and moderators. Conclusions The seminar series set the foundation for robust cross‐sector dialogue necessary to inform meaningful future research, and ultimately, effective policies for lowering added sugar intakes.

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“…Asp participates in gluconeogenesis, and acts as a neurotransmitter under its methylated D‐stereoisomer upon interaction with NMDA (N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate) receptors . Also known for its industrial applications (a) together with Phe, Asp takes part in the formulation of aspartame, a widely used nonsugar sweetener . In this context, Asp forms nearly 40% of aspartame degradation products; (b) because of their high solubility and biodegradability, polyaspartates (PASP) are used as green polymers with proved nonhazardous and nonpollution features, as well as detergents, cleaners and water treatment agents, or as agents in mining and oil recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspartate: An interesting model for analyzing dipole‐ion and ion pair interactions through its oppositely charged amine and acid groups

2020

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Anionic species of aspartic acid, Asp − , having a zwitterionic backbone and a deprotonated side chain, appears to be a good example for analyzing dipole-ion and ion pair interactions. Density functional theory calculations were herein performed to investigate the low energy conformers of Asp − embedded in a dielectric continuum modeling an aqueous environment, through a scan of the potential energy as a function of the side chain (χ 1 , χ 2 ) torsion angles. The most energetically favorable conformers having g + g − and g − g + side chain orientations are found to be stabilized by charge-enhanced intramolecular H-bonding involving the positively charged (NH + 3 ) and the two negatively charged (COO − ) groups. These conformers were further used to analyze Asp − + nW clusters (W: water, n = 1 or 3), and Asp − /Asp − pair formation. COO − groups were found to be the most attractive sites for hosting a water molecule (binding energy: −6.0 ± 1.5 kcal/mol), compared to NH + 3 groups (binding energy: −4.7 ± 1.1 kcal/mol). Energy separation between g + g − and g − g + conformers increases upon explicit hydration. Asp − /Asp − ion pairs, stabilized by the interaction between the NH + 3 group of a partner and the COO − group of the other, shows a quite constant binding energy (−8.1 ± 0.2 kcal/mol), whatever the pair type, and the relative orientation of the two interacting partners. This study suggests a first step to achieve a more realistic image of intermolecular interactions in aqueous environment, especially upon increasing concentration. It can also be considered as a preliminary attempt to assess the interactions of the Lys + …Asp − /Glu − ion pairs stabilizing intraand interchain interactions in proteins. K E Y W O R D S aspartic acid, charge-enhanced H-bonding, density functional theory calculations, dipole-ion interactions, energy landscape, hydration, ion pair interactions

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The role of artificial and natural sweeteners in reducing the consumption of table sugar: A narrative review

Cited by 168 publications

References 77 publications

Intestinal Fructose and Glucose Metabolism in Health and Disease

Intestinal Fructose and Glucose Metabolism in Health and Disease

From biology to behavior: a cross‐disciplinary seminar series surrounding added sugar and low‐calorie sweetener consumption

Aspartate: An interesting model for analyzing dipole‐ion and ion pair interactions through its oppositely charged amine and acid groups

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