The role of and challenges facing non-governmental organizations in the environmental impact assessment process in Punjab, Pakistan

Khan, Mehreen; Chaudhry, Muhammad Nawaz; Ahmad, Sajid Rashid; Saif, Samia

doi:10.1080/14615517.2019.1684096

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Other institutional factors constraining ENGOs participation in EIA included the stringent national institutional regulations guiding the operation of ENGOs, the access to EIA related documentations and information and timing of the EIA phases. Study ( Khan et al., 2020 ) reveal that, ENGOs in developing countries are usually not consulted during the EIA process and also not strong enough in terms of availability of resources compared to developed countries were EIA systems are mature and stakeholder participation is well institutionalized.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of the environmental impact assessment practice in Uganda: challenges and opportunities for achieving sustainable development

George¹,

Kiemo²,

Asalu³

2020

Heliyon

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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a broad process that emerged from the National Environment Policy Act, 1970 in the U.S. Its primary objective is to generate information on the likely impacts of a project on all aspects of the environment and used in agency decision making and in the long run protect the environment and achieve sustainable development. EIA practice in Uganda was formally established through the National Environment Act, 1995 and now in practice for over 25 years. However, there is increasing level of water pollution especially Lake Victoria, rivers, streams, aquifers and soils. This research reviewed the institutional, legal and regulatory framework for EIA, related literature and EIA documents especially EIA reports and conducted key EIA stakeholders survey using questionnaires to identify capacity and practice issues. The results revealed that, there was gap between law and practice arising from inadequate and ineffective public participation, weak follow-up, low key stakeholder's capacity, political interference, lack of SEA practice and not embracing EIA in a transboundary context. However, there is fairly good and comprehensive institutional, legislative and regulatory framework for EIA, good local governance structures, adequate staffing, robust national planning framework, active non-state actors and regional groupings. In order to maximize the potential of EIA as a means for achieving the SDGs, we recommended measures to address the challenges facing the EIA practice as well as utilize the existing opportunities within the context in which EIA is applied.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of the environmental impact assessment practice in Uganda: challenges and opportunities for achieving sustainable development

George¹,

Kiemo²,

Asalu³

2020

Heliyon

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“…The direct impact of informal environmental regulations on industrial structure upgrading is as follows: On the one hand, with increased concern about environmental issues and increased demands for environmental quality due to the promotion of ecological civilization construction, the public often forces pollution-intensive enterprises to reduce environmental pollution and undertake green technological innovation through negotiation and media exposure, thus promoting the clean development of pollution-intensive industries [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. On the other hand, the public consumption structure changes with economic development and the increase in residents’ income, and the demand for enjoyment and high-value-added products and services gradually expands.…”

Section: Theoretical Analysis and Research Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Regulation, Scientific and Technological Innovation, and Industrial Structure Upgrading in the Yellow River Basin, China

Wang

Cheng

Wang

2022

IJERPH

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Industrial structure upgrading is an important prerequisite for achieving regional ecological environment protection and high-quality development, and environmental regulation can improve the capacity of scientific and technological innovation and promote industrial structure transformation and upgrading. Based on the panel data of 78 cities in the Yellow River Basin, the relationships among environmental regulation, scientific and technological innovation, and industrial structure upgrading in the Yellow River Basin were analyzed using the mediating effect model and the panel threshold model. The results showed the following findings: (1) Although both formal and informal environmental regulations can promote industrial structure upgrading in the Yellow River Basin, regional heterogeneity and temporal stage characteristics are observed. (2) Transmission mechanism test results show that formal and informal environmental regulations directly affect industrial structure upgrading and indirectly act on it through the level of scientific and technological innovation, showing a significant mediating effect. (3) Taking scientific and technological innovation as the threshold variable, formal environmental regulations have a corresponding relationship with industrial structure upgrading in the form of a broken line, and informal environmental regulations significantly promote industrial structure upgrading after scientific and technological innovation crosses a certain threshold. Finally, we discuss the article and make corresponding suggestions in terms of environmental regulation and technological innovation.

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“…These studies concluded that farmers' capacity building with respect to improved irrigation methods, improved water management practices, better land preparation and the use of better seeds are the main reasons behind increasing agriculture land in Pakistan. Moreover, in Pakistan, non-governmental organizations have always played their role in strengthening peoples' resources through capacity building and financial provisions [50]. Efforts of development organizations such as Ghazi Barotha Taraqiata Idara (GBTI) in the recovery of natural resources and livelihoods are also considered a basis for gradual yet constant improvement in project-affected areas [50,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing land use land cover (LULC) changes induced by the run-of river project and respondent survey: a case of Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Project on Indus River, Pakistan

Inam Ullah,

Ahmad,

Khokhar

et al. 2024

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Land use land cover (LULC) change determination caused by development projects is always mandatory as land is the major source of local livelihoods and regional economy. Worldwide, very limited studies have been conducted to determine LULC changes caused by run-of-the-river projects, which are generally considered safe due to their design. Present study used Google Earth Engine (GEE) to examine the LULC changes caused by Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Project (GBHP), which is a run-of-the-river project, built in 2002 on Indus River in Pakistan. The project diverts river water from Ghazi barrage, for a 6,600 GWh annual power production, through an open concrete power channel of 100 m width and 9 m depth. Field surveys were carried out to assess respondents’ opinions about LULC changes and their major causes. LULC determination was carried out from 1990-2020 through processing Landsat images in GEE, and Random Forest (RF) machine learning technique was used for supervised classification of the study area. 384 respondents were consulted during the field survey and their responses were collected using semi-structured self-administered proformas. Results showed that after functioning, GBHP caused major LULC changes in project downstream areas from 2002-2010, as there was a significant decrease in area under agriculture by 29.10% and 47%, during summer and winter seasons respectively. The trend was concurrent with a decrease in area under water and was also followed by a marked increase in area under vegetation and baresoil. However, from 2010-2020, agriculture area again increased by 75.61% and 84.53% in summer and winter seasons respectively, as compared to 2002-2010. Respondents during the field survey revealed that agriculture reduction from 2002-2010 was due to water scarcity caused by GBHP; also leading to vegetation and baresoil increase. Recovery of agriculture from 2010-2020 was attributed to groundwater development intervention, better seeds, and farmers' capacity building.

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The role of and challenges facing non-governmental organizations in the environmental impact assessment process in Punjab, Pakistan

Cited by 13 publications

References 58 publications

An evaluation of the environmental impact assessment practice in Uganda: challenges and opportunities for achieving sustainable development

An evaluation of the environmental impact assessment practice in Uganda: challenges and opportunities for achieving sustainable development

Environmental Regulation, Scientific and Technological Innovation, and Industrial Structure Upgrading in the Yellow River Basin, China

Analyzing land use land cover (LULC) changes induced by the run-of river project and respondent survey: a case of Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Project on Indus River, Pakistan

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