The Rise of UAVs

Cummings, Anthony R.; McKee, Arlo; Kulkarni, Keyur; Markandey, Nakul

doi:10.14358/pers.83.4.317

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Regarding the purposes of community drones, we found 18 cases of territorial defense, 18 of training, 9 of monitoring, 7 of formalization of land ownership, 4 of post-disaster humanitarian aid, and 2 of environmental activism; 10 experiences had even more specific purposes. The most usual form of community participation was participatory mapping, followed by participatory workshops, geographic information systems, volunteered geographic information, participatory geographical information systems, monitoring, counter-mapping (3) and activism (3). We allocated 21 experiences to one participation category, 12 to two, and 6 to three or more.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both commercial and do-it-yourself (DIY) drones are currently used by corporations, governments, and academia for a variety of purposes (e.g., humanitarian aid, precision agriculture, biological conservation, archaeology, mining, urban planning, surveillance), despite persistent ethical, security, and privacy concerns [3]. The use of drones with communities, or by communities themselves, is still incipient despite their potential usefulness [4], a situation reflected in the few experiences documented in the academic literature [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Global Emergence of Community Drones (2012–2017)

Vargas-Ramírez

Paneque-Gálvez

2019

Drones

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The use of drones with or by communities—what we call community drones—has emerged globally over the last decade to serve diverse purposes. Despite a growing academic interest in community drones, most experiences have been documented as gray literature and there are still no publications that review and systematize their use worldwide. Here, we present an overview of the first experiences using community drones—what we refer to as their global emergence (2012–2017). We reviewed gray and academic literature in English and Spanish for the period 2012–2017. We then analyzed the experiences according to their location, date, purpose, type of drone(s) used, agent(s) that carried them out, and methodology used for community participation; “good” and “bad” practices were also included when information was available. We reviewed 39 experiences and found that (1) they mostly occurred in Latin America from 2014; (2) commercial and multirotor drones were the most frequently employed; (3) the main purposes were community training to acquire territorial information for improved defense and/or informed decision-making; (4) most initiatives were driven by external agents and communities’ allies; (5) the most usual forms of community participation were participatory mapping and training workshops, yet local knowledge was either neglected or little valued to complement drone information; and (6) there were no appropriate practices established for community drone usage. Our study improves the little knowledge we have regarding the global emergence of community drones, its geographic trends, and the existing opportunities and challenges to meet the needs and expectations from community drones. In addition, we provide guidelines for appropriate practices that will be useful for communities and social agents interested in the acquisition, training, and use of drones. We conclude by suggesting new avenues to develop theoretical and methodological approaches in relation to the new field of community drones.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Emergence of Community Drones (2012–2017)

Vargas-Ramírez

Paneque-Gálvez

2019

Drones

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“…For the objective of collecting reference data which can train and validate environmental models, it must be remembered that reference data itself is not without intrinsic error [58]. As hardware and software technologies continue to improve, the efficiency and effectiveness of these methods will continue to grow [39]. UAS positional accuracy assessment products are gaining momentum [12,59,60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maturation of remote sensing technologies in the 21st century has brought with it the practicality of widespread Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) applications. This low-cost and flexible platform generates on-demand, high-resolution products to meet the needs of society [38,39]. UAS represent an interconnected system of hardware and software technologies managed by a remote pilot in command [30,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UAS represent an interconnected system of hardware and software technologies managed by a remote pilot in command [30,40]. Progressing from mechanical contraptions, UAS now assimilate microcomputer technologies that allow them to operate for forestry sampling [29,41], physical geography surveys [42], rangeland mapping [43], humanitarian aid [44], precision agriculture [45], and many other applications [12,39,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for Collecting Thematic Map Accuracy Assessment Reference Data in New England Forests

Fraser¹,

Congalton²

2019

Forests

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Thematic mapping provides today’s analysts with an essential geospatial science tool for conveying spatial information. The advancement of remote sensing and computer science technologies has provided classification methods for mapping at both pixel-based and object-based analysis, for increasingly complex environments. These thematic maps then serve as vital resources for a variety of research and management needs. However, to properly use the resulting thematic map as a decision-making support tool, an assessment of map accuracy must be performed. The methods for assessing thematic accuracy have coalesced into a site-specific multivariate analysis of error, measuring uncertainty in relation to an established reality known as reference data. Ensuring statistical validity, access and time constraints, and immense costs limit the collection of reference data in many projects. Therefore, this research proposes evaluating the feasibility of adopting the low-cost, flexible, high-resolution sensor-capable Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS, UAV, or Drone) platform for collecting reference data to use in thematic map accuracy assessments for complex environments. This pilot study analyzed 377.57 ha of New England forests, over six University of New Hampshire woodland properties, to compare the similarity between UAS-derived orthomosaic samples and ground-based continuous forest inventory (CFI) plot classifications of deciduous, mixed, and coniferous forest cover types. Using an eBee Plus fixed-wing UAS, 9173 images were acquired and used to create six comprehensive orthomosaics. Agreement between our UAS orthomosaics and ground-based sampling forest compositions reached 71.43% for pixel-based classification and 85.71% for object-based classification reference data methods. Despite several documented sources of uncertainty or error, this research demonstrated that UAS are capable of highly efficient and effective thematic map accuracy assessment reference data collection. As UAS hardware, software, and implementation policies continue to evolve, the potential to meet the challenges of accurate and timely reference data collection will only increase.

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Unmanned aerial vehicles in construction and worker safety

Howard

Murashov

Branche

2017

American J Industrial Med

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Applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for military, recreational, public, and commercial uses have expanded significantly in recent years. In the construction industry, UAVs are used primarily for monitoring of construction workflow and job site logistics, inspecting construction sites to assess structural integrity, and for maintenance assessments. As is the case with other emerging technologies, occupational safety assessments of UAVs lag behind technological advancements. UAVs may create new workplace hazards that need to be evaluated and managed to ensure their safe operation around human workers. At the same time, UAVs can perform dangerous tasks, thereby improving workplace safety. This paper describes the four major uses of UAVs, including their use in construction, the potential risks of their use to workers, approaches for risk mitigation, and the important role that safety and health professionals can play in ensuring safe approaches to the their use in the workplace.

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The Rise of UAVs

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

The Global Emergence of Community Drones (2012–2017)

The Global Emergence of Community Drones (2012–2017)

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for Collecting Thematic Map Accuracy Assessment Reference Data in New England Forests

Unmanned aerial vehicles in construction and worker safety

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