The Right and the Good: Distributive Justice and Neural Encoding of Equity and Efficiency

Hsu, Ming; Anen, Cédric; Quartz, Steven R.

doi:10.1126/science.1153651

Cited by 309 publications

(301 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Connectivity analyses suggested that, during decision making, RTPJ communicates information about the worst possible outcome to the caudate, a region involved in computing choice values (7). These results are consistent with growing evidence that decision making for self and others involves shared neurocognitive mechanisms (8) and imply that alternative perspectives-those of others, or of future selves-are integrated into a common valuation circuitry during decision making.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

From risk to fairness

Kappes

Kahane

Crockett

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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supporting

confidence: 76%

From risk to fairness

Kappes

Kahane

Crockett

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In experiments involving efficiency and inequity tradeoffs in a distributive justice task, Hsu et al (2007) found a separation of regions encoding efficiency and inequity in much the same way as that of expected reward and variance. Specifically, efficiency is encoded in striatal regions including the caudate and putamen, whereas inequity is encoded in the insular cortex.…”

Section: Valuation Under Pure Risk: Trading Off Risk Against Rewardmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neurobiological Foundations of Valuation in Human Decision Making Under Uncertainty

2009

Self Cite

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“…Valuation-related neural brain structures may also be implicated in abstract social decisions that do not involve any personal gains or losses for the participant. For instance, decisions about the distribution of money between different groups of African children elicited neural activity related to both equity (how fairly is the money split) and efficiency (how much money in total is given) 97 . Inequity correlated with BOLD activity in the insula, whereas efficiency correlated with BOLD activity in the striatum, suggesting separate neural coding of both of these putatively decision-relevant social principles in the brain's reward circuitry.…”

Section: Neural Valuation Of Normative Social Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neurobiology of rewards and values in social decision making

2014

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Of all the decisions in your life, which were the most important? Chances are high that many of them had a social component, be it when deciding about others (for example, whether to marry someone), for others (for example, which school to send your child to) or jointly with others (for example, whether to buy a house with your partner). Pathological changes specifically in the social aspects of decision making are pervasive in many psychiatric 1 and neurological 2 disorders and can have devastating consequences for individual and collective welfare. A good understanding of the neural basis of social decision making is thus an important aim of scientists in many disciplines, from basic neuroscience to medicine, psychology and economics.The neural mechanisms underlying social and nonsocial types of choices have traditionally been examined from different theoretical angles. In studies of non-social choices (for example, purchasing decisions), researchers have often focused on neural value computations associated with the rewarding properties of the choice options 3,4 . On the basis of this research, several brain structures have been proposed as elements of a brain valuation system (BOX 1). The neural value signals in these structures are thought to represent a 'common currency' for assessing the motivational relevance of all possible stimuli or actions, which is essential for guiding decision making across varying contexts 5,6 . By contrast, researchers studying social decisions have traditionally paid less attention to motivational processes, such as reward and value coding; instead, they have focused on identifying neurocognitive processes that may have uniquely evolved to guide social behaviour 7 . This emphasis on 'social-specific cognition' has identified, for example, that different visual areas seem to be functionally specialized for the perception of faces or bodies 8 and that the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) may be specifically involved in representing the intentions, emotions or actions of other people [9][10][11] . The idea of 'social-specific cognition' thus implies that the control of social and non-social behaviour should fundamentally differ in terms of neural architecture and information processing demands 12 . However, this view is challenged by recent findings that social decisions may also draw on value-related brain processes that strongly resemble those seen during non-social decisions. This apparent overlap in neural representations of motivational relevance for social and non-social choices is often taken to implicitly extend the 'common currency' idea to decisions based on social factors. This proposalthat choices in both social and non-social situations are steered by identical neural value computations -therefore questions whether the motivational control of social behaviour requires dedicated neural processes.In this Review, we propose a framework for studying the possible neurobiological links in the motivational control of social...

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The Right and the Good: Distributive Justice and Neural Encoding of Equity and Efficiency

Abstract: Movies S1 and S2 Correction (29 May 2008):The original SOM text incorrectly said that "each child gets $5." The correct text now states that "each set of 3 children was endowed by the experimenters with $5, the monetary equivalent of 24 meals per child."

Cited by 309 publications

References 23 publications

From risk to fairness

From risk to fairness

The Neurobiological Foundations of Valuation in Human Decision Making Under Uncertainty

The neurobiology of rewards and values in social decision making

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