The Rhine as Hotspot of Parasite Invasions

Sures, Bernd; Nachev, Milen; Grabner, Daniel

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29061-0_19

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Even if European eels are not suitable final host for Pomphorhynchus sp. they do have a long history of co-occurrence with some species such as P. tereticollis ( Hohenadler et al, 2018b ; Sures et al, 2019 ) what might provide them with some adaptations, which is also reflected in a relatively weak cortisol release compared to A. crassus infestations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pomphorhynchus spp. prefer barbel ( Barbus barbus (Linnaeus, 1758)) or chub ( Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)) as final hosts and do not mature in the European eel, which is therefore considered a dead-end host for these parasites ( Sures et al, 2019 ). However, cystacanths of Pomphorhynchus sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…appearing in eels in the River Rhine remains unclear due to morphological similarities between P. tereticollis (Rudolphi, 1809), P. laevis (Zoega in Müller, 1776) and P. bosniacus Kiskároly and Čanković, 1967 which have frequently been misidentified ( Emde et al, 2012 ; Hohenadler et al, 2018b ; Reier et al, 2019 ). Nevertheless, species of the genus Pomphorhynchus , most likely P. tereticollis ( Hohenadler et al, 2018b ), are known for a long period to be present in eel populations ( Sures et al, 1999 ; Thielen et al, 2007 ) but have most likely been replaced during the last 20–30 years ( Sures et al, 2019 ). Hence, it seems reasonable that European eels might have developed adaptations to cope with infestations with this acanthocephalan genus to a greater extent than to infestations with A. crassus .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mutual adaptations between hosts and parasites determine stress levels in eels

Honka

Sures

2021

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Invasive parasites may severely affect their new hosts. Two invasive parasites occurring in the European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) are the Asian swim bladder nematode Anguillicola crassus and the Ponto-caspian acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus sp., which were introduced to the river Rhine in the early 1980/90s. The Japanese eel ( Anguilla japonica ), as the native host of A. crassus , developed mutual adaptations to the swim bladder parasite, which are lacking in the European eel. Therefore, after its spread to Europe, infestations of European eels with A. crassus were found to be more severe and caused massive swim bladder wall damages mainly due to the feeding activity of the adult nematodes. A suppression of the immune system also appears to be likely, which allows secondary infections e.g. by bacteria or other parasites in European eels. Acanthocephalans of the genus Pomphorhynchus have not been described so far in Japanese eels, in contrast to European eels, which regularly show infestations with Pomphorhynchus sp. By using these differentially adapted host-parasite associations for experimental studies, host stress responses were examined in the present study in relation to the degree of mutual adaptations between eel hosts and parasites. Under laboratory conditions, Japanese and European eels were each inoculated with A. crassus and Pomphorhynchus sp., respectively, to investigate their stress responses against differently adapted parasites. The stress response was determined by analyzing plasma levels of cortisol, which is the main corticosteroid hormone during stress response of fish. The results show a strong cortisol release in European eels after infestation with A. crassus whereas Japanese eels only react against Pomphorhynchus sp. infestations. These results are consistent with the initial hypothesis that a low degree of host-parasite adaptations lead to stronger host stress responses against the parasite.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mutual adaptations between hosts and parasites determine stress levels in eels

Honka

Sures

2021

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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“…acheilognathi , which uses the invasive monkey goby ( Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas, 1814)) as a distribution vector in the Dnieper River basin (Zaichenko, 2015). Likewise, in the Rhine basin, it parasitizes the non-indigenous Asian grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)) and the convict cichlid ( Amatitlania nigrofasciata (Günther, 1867)) (Sures et al ., 2019 and references therein). To date, only one representative of the genus Proteocephalus is known to have been introduced into a non-native region – namely, P. fluviatilis introduced into Japan with largemouth bass (Shimazu, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of the American cestodeProteocephalus ambloplitis(Leidy, 1887) (Proteocephalidae) in Europe

et al. 2020

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Here, we report the first record of pleroceroids of the Nearctic tapeworm Proteocephalus ambloplitis (Leidy, 1887) in European fresh waters. The plerocercoids were found encapsulated in the internal organs of the invasive pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758) in a pond in Bègles Plage, Bordeaux, France. This parasite species was not observed in L. gibbosus collected from two nearby localities, Bordeaux Lac and a pond in the Parc de Fontaudin. Species identification was confirmed using molecular data and morphological characteristics.

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“…Among invaders that co-introduce parasites, freshwater fish are the most common and account for over half of documented cases, probably reflecting the high incidence of invasive fish in freshwater ecosystems (Lymbery et al ., 2014). Parasites that are successfully co-introduced alongside their invasive hosts may go on to establish infections in native hosts, known as parasite spillover (Prenter et al ., 2004; Dunn & Hatcher, 2015; Sures et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for enemy release in invasive common daceLeuciscus leuciscusin Ireland: a helminth community survey and systematic review

Caffrey¹,

Matthews

Costantini

et al. 2020

J. Helminthol.

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Invasive species lose parasites in the process of invasion and tend to be less parasitized than conspecifics in the native range and sympatric native species in the invasive range (enemy release). We evaluated enemy release in an invasive freshwater fish in Ireland, common dace Leuciscus leuciscus, using helminth parasite community surveys at the core and front of the invasive range of common dace. Furthermore, we undertook a systematic literature review of helminth infection in common dace across its native range in Great Britain and Europe and invasive range in Ireland. The helminth parasite community survey revealed that invasive common dace were infected with fewer helminth species at the invasion front than at the core. Four helminth taxa – Acanthocephala, Monogenea, Digenea and Nematoda – were present in dace at the invasion core compared to only a single helminth species (Pomphorhynchus tereticollis) at the front. The systematic review revealed that invasive common dace in Ireland hosted fewer species of helminths than common dace in the native range. We report a total of three helminth species in common dace in Ireland compared to 24 in Great Britain and 84 in Continental Europe. Our results support the hypotheses that invasive populations are less parasitized than native populations and that more recently established populations host fewer parasites. However, we demonstrate that invasive species may continue to experience release from parasites long after initial invasion.

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The Rhine as Hotspot of Parasite Invasions

Cited by 5 publications

References 92 publications

Mutual adaptations between hosts and parasites determine stress levels in eels

Mutual adaptations between hosts and parasites determine stress levels in eels

First record of the American cestodeProteocephalus ambloplitis(Leidy, 1887) (Proteocephalidae) in Europe

Evidence for enemy release in invasive common daceLeuciscus leuciscusin Ireland: a helminth community survey and systematic review

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