The Reward Circuit: Linking Primate Anatomy and Human Imaging

Haber, Suzanne N.; Knutson, Brian

doi:10.1038/npp.2009.129

Cited by 3,134 publications

(3,145 citation statements)

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“…Dopaminergic neurons in the SN/VTA are associated with expected rewards (D'Ardenne et al, 2008;Schultz et al, 1997) and control of motor responses (e.g., Hikosaka, 1989;Chevalier and Deniau, 1990;Mink, 1996) in decision-making. The thalamus serves as a critical relay structure between cortical and subcortical regions, facilitating information integration among the SN/VTA and striatum as well as prefrontal areas such as the vmPFC and dlPFC (Haber and Knutson, 2009). The vmPFC has been widely implicated in subjective value encoding Kable and Glimcher, 2007;Levy and Glimcher, 2012;Montague and Berns, 2002;Padoa-Schioppa and Assad, 2006;Plassmann et al, 2007) and has been shown to integrate value information during multi-attribute decision-making (Basten et al, 2010;Hare et al, 2011;Kahnt et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic inference under time pressure leads to a cortical-to-subcortical shift in decision evidence integration

et al. 2017

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A B S T R A C TReal-life decision-making often involves combining multiple probabilistic sources of information under finite time and cognitive resources. To mitigate these pressures, people "satisfice", foregoing a full evaluation of all available evidence to focus on a subset of cues that allow for fast and "good-enough" decisions. Although this form of decision-making likely mediates many of our everyday choices, very little is known about the way in which the neural encoding of cue information changes when we satisfice under time pressure. Here, we combined human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a probabilistic classification task to characterize neural substrates of multi-cue decision-making under low (1500 ms) and high (500 ms) time pressure. Using variational Bayesian inference, we analyzed participants' choices to track and quantify cue usage under each experimental condition, which was then applied to model the fMRI data. Under low time pressure, participants performed nearoptimally, appropriately integrating all available cues to guide choices. Both cortical (prefrontal and parietal cortex) and subcortical (hippocampal and striatal) regions encoded individual cue weights, and activity linearly tracked trial-by-trial variations in the amount of evidence and decision uncertainty. Under increased time pressure, participants adaptively shifted to using a satisficing strategy by discounting the least informative cue in their decision process. This strategic change in decision-making was associated with an increased involvement of the dopaminergic midbrain, striatum, thalamus, and cerebellum in representing and integrating cue values. We conclude that satisficing the probabilistic inference process under time pressure leads to a cortical-to-subcortical shift in the neural drivers of decisions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic inference under time pressure leads to a cortical-to-subcortical shift in decision evidence integration

et al. 2017

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“…These regions are highly interconnected with BLA and CMA subregions, forming an amygdalo‐cortico‐striatal circuit dedicated, among other things, to various aspects of reward processing [Haber, 2011; Haber and Knutson, 2010; Naqvi and Bechara, 2009]. Within this circuitry, cortical and striatal regions seem to accommodate reward evaluation (e.g., magnitude, probability, and immediacy) and action planning, while BLA and CMA apparently serve attention modulation and stimulus‐reward learning [Haber, 2011; Haber and Knutson, 2010; Peck and Salzman, 2014]. Reward circuit hyperconnectivity reported here might thus reflect a hyperfunctioning reward system, which in theory could fuel an interpersonal style dominated by rewards and personal gains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable relations between amygdala subregional networks and psychopathy trait dimensions in conduct‐disordered juvenile offenders

Aghajani

Colins

Klapwijk

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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Psychopathy is a serious psychiatric phenomenon characterized by a pathological constellation of affective (e.g., callous, unemotional), interpersonal (e.g., manipulative, egocentric), and behavioral (e.g., impulsive, irresponsible) personality traits. Though amygdala subregional defects are suggested in psychopathy, the functionality and connectivity of different amygdala subnuclei is typically disregarded in neurocircuit‐level analyses of psychopathic personality. Hence, little is known of how amygdala subregional networks may contribute to psychopathy and its underlying trait assemblies in severely antisocial people. We addressed this important issue by uniquely examining the intrinsic functional connectivity of basolateral (BLA) and centromedial (CMA) amygdala networks in relation to affective, interpersonal, and behavioral traits of psychopathy, in conduct‐disordered juveniles with a history of serious delinquency (N = 50, mean age = 16.83 ± 1.32). As predicted, amygdalar connectivity profiles exhibited dissociable relations with different traits of psychopathy. Interpersonal psychopathic traits not only related to increased connectivity of BLA and CMA with a corticostriatal network formation accommodating reward processing, but also predicted stronger CMA connectivity with a network of cortical midline structures supporting sociocognitive processes. In contrast, affective psychopathic traits related to diminished CMA connectivity with a frontolimbic network serving salience processing and affective responding. Finally, behavioral psychopathic traits related to heightened BLA connectivity with a frontoparietal cluster implicated in regulatory executive functioning. We suggest that these trait‐specific shifts in amygdalar connectivity could be particularly relevant to the psychopathic phenotype, as they may fuel a self‐centered, emotionally cold, and behaviorally disinhibited profile. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4017–4033, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Current conceptions of how reward is processed in the brain propose that a circuit of regions, including the ventral striatum and dopaminergic cells in the ventral tegmental area, is necessary for learning about and using rewards to guide behavior 147 . Several studies have shown that there are age reductions in striatal responses to learned reward 148 , and reward anticipation 149 .…”

Section: Dopaminementioning

confidence: 99%

The cognitive neuroscience of ageing

2012

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PrefaceThe availability of neuroimaging technology has spurred a marked increase in the human cognitive neuroscience literature, including the study of cognitive aging. Although there is a growing consensus that the aging brain retains considerable plasticity of function, currently measured primarily by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging, it is less clear how age differences in brain activity relate to cognitive performance. The field also is hampered by the complexity of the aging process itself and the large number of factors that are influenced by age. In this review, current trends and unresolved issues in the cognitive neuroscience of aging are discussed.

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The Reward Circuit: Linking Primate Anatomy and Human Imaging

Cited by 3,134 publications

References 283 publications

Probabilistic inference under time pressure leads to a cortical-to-subcortical shift in decision evidence integration

Probabilistic inference under time pressure leads to a cortical-to-subcortical shift in decision evidence integration

Dissociable relations between amygdala subregional networks and psychopathy trait dimensions in conduct‐disordered juvenile offenders

The cognitive neuroscience of ageing

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