The (Relative) Risks of Using Odds Ratios

Katz, Kenneth A.

doi:10.1001/archderm.142.6.761

Cited by 67 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The RR is commonly used in medical and epidemiology studies (e.g. Katz, 2006;Shrier and Steele, 2006;Zhang and Yu, 1998). Although it does not follow a normal distribution, the natural logarithm of the sample is approximately normally distributed to produce the 95 % confidence intervals, which are calculated according to Morris and Gardner (1988) and Daly (1998).…”

Section: Preceding Spei Values and Spei0mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of antecedent conditions on flood risk in sub-Saharan Africa

Bischiniotis

Hurk

Jongman

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Most flood early warning systems have predominantly focused on forecasting floods with lead times of hours or days. However, physical processes during longer timescales can also contribute to flood generation. In this study, we follow a pragmatic approach to analyse the hydrometeorological pre-conditions of 501 historical damaging floods from 1980 to 2010 in sub-Saharan Africa. These are separated into (a) weather timescale (0-6 days) and (b) seasonal timescale conditions (up to 6 months) before the event. The 7-day precipitation preceding a flood event (PRE7) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) are analysed for the two timescale domains, respectively. Results indicate that high PRE7 does not always generate floods by itself. Seasonal SPEIs, which are not directly correlated with PRE7, exhibit positive (wet) values prior to most flood events across different averaging times, indicating a relationship with flooding. This paper provides evidence that bringing together weather and seasonal conditions can lead to improved flood risk preparedness.

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Section: Preceding Spei Values and Spei0mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of antecedent conditions on flood risk in sub-Saharan Africa

Bischiniotis

Hurk

Jongman

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…5 Health researchers often imply that having an understanding of odds is dependent on having an insight into the betting industry; 4,6 however, the analogy between health statistics and gambling is a perilous one. Odds in health are an accurate representation of frequencies in a specific setting whereas, in sports betting, the bookmakers' odds are a statement of the return on your stake; this is an indication of not only how likely something is to happen, but also how much you will win.…”

Section: Oddsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It tells us how much risk has increased or decreased from an initial level; most authors consider it to be readily understood. 5,8,9 The OR is calculated as the odds in the exposed group divided by the odds in the unexposed group. As many authors have recognised, the OR is more difficult to visualise.…”

Section: Comparing Outcomes In Prospective Studies Using Relative Rismentioning

confidence: 99%

Against all odds? Improving the understanding of risk reporting

A’Court¹,

Stevens²,

Heneghan³

2012

Br J Gen Pract

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“…We presented results from the models in the form of odds ratios (OR). However, there are well-known problems with meaningfully interpreting ORs in a way that is intuitive-they are frequently interpreted as riskratios, which can produce extremely inaccurate answers when the proportion of "success" (in this case, rating the PCP "high") in the sample is high [21][22][23][24][25][26]. Thus, we also calculated "marginal effects" for our main results of interest; marginal effects inform on how the predictor variable of interest impacts the probability of success-i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurse Practitioners in Physician Practices: Implications for Member Satisfaction

Guerard¹,

Omachonu²,

Harvey³

et al. 2016

J Hosp Med Manage

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Background: There is limited information about how Nurse Practitioners can affect patient satisfaction among elderly patients. This study considered the implications of assigning in-office Medicare Advantage (MA) plan Nurse Practitioners (NPs) in Primary Care Physician (PCP) practices which were affiliated with the (MA) plan. Specifically, this was a baseline study that explored whether the presence of an NP in the PCP practice was associated with improved satisfaction of members of the MA plan with their PCP, and whether member satisfaction with their PCP was associated with satisfaction with the MA plan.Methods: Self-reported, cross-sectional data previously collected by the MA organization from enrollees was linked to data on participating PCPs. Twentytwo percent of responding members had a PCP with an NP in the practice. Multivariate logistic regression models were estimated to find the association between presence of in-office NPs and a 'high' member rating of the PCP, and the association between 'high' rating of PCP and 'high' rating of MA plan. Findings:PCPs with in-office NPs were four percentage-points more likely to be rated highly by members (OR: 1.37, p<0.05, 95% CI: 1.06-1.78) than those without NPs. Members who rated PCPs highly were also 24 percentage-points more likely to give the MA plan a high rating (OR: 6.58, p<0.01, 95% CI: 5.64-7.35) than members who did not. Conclusion:These associative relationships support an intervention where the MA plan has started placing NPs in PCP practices. Follow-up analyses will help ascertain whether embedding NPs had a causal impact on improving patient satisfaction.

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The (Relative) Risks of Using Odds Ratios

Cited by 67 publications

References 23 publications

The influence of antecedent conditions on flood risk in sub-Saharan Africa

The influence of antecedent conditions on flood risk in sub-Saharan Africa

Against all odds? Improving the understanding of risk reporting

Nurse Practitioners in Physician Practices: Implications for Member Satisfaction

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