The relationship of dietary total antioxidant capacity with sarcopenia and cardiometabolic biomarkers in type 2 diabetes patients

Abstract

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) with sarcopenia and metabolic biomarkers in people with type 2 diabetes in the Kurdish race. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, data of 189 type 2 diabetic patients (35–65 years old) from RaNCD cohort study were evaluated. DTAC, fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, body composition, muscle strength, and sarcopenia were assessed. t and χ 2 tests to compare the variables between sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic patients and one‐way analysis of variance to compare the variables in DTAC tertiles were used. The relationship between DTAC and different variables was evaluated using multiple logistic regression model. Results The mean age and body mass index were 49.7 ± 8.7 years and 27.1 ± 3.9 kg/m 2 . Body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference were significantly different between diabetic patients with and without sarcopenia ( p < 0.05). In crude ( p = 0.010) and adjusted ( p = 0.035) models, there was a significant relationship between DTAC and fasting blood sugar. Also, the relationship between DTAC with waist ( p = 0.019) and hip (β = −4.25, p = 0.026) circumference was significant. Sarcopenia was significantly lower in the third tertile in comparison with the first tertile of DTAC ( p = 0.016). Conclusion Diet with higher DTAC can be associated with lower fasting blood sugar, abdominal obesity and sarcopenia in type 2 diabetic patients. However, further studies are required to confirm these relationships.

Association of Combining Diet and Physical Activity on Sarcopenia and Obesity in Elderly Koreans with Diabetes

“…These results demonstrate that maintaining a good diet quality is a crucial factor in preventing and ameliorating sarcopenia and obesity. Moreover, in diabetic patients, a diet rich in antioxidants nutrients showed an inverse relationship with fasting glucose, waist circumference, and sarcopenia [13], suggesting the association of diet quality with blood glucose control, abdominal obesity, and sarcopenia management. Additionally, in Korean adults, a diet metabolically healthy individuals had higher total scores in KHEI, adequacy scores for breakfast, and fruit intake, and higher KHEI scores were reported to be associated with a decreased risk of metabolic syndrome [14].…”

“…Diet intervention emerges as a crucial strategy not only for managing muscle mass and strength in the elderly but also for preventing diseases associated with malnutrition, showing positive effects [8]. Moreover, high-quality diets rich in antioxidants have been inversely associated with fasting glucose, abdominal obesity, and sarcopenia in diabetic patients [13], and higher dietary quality was associated with a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome [14]. Furthermore, regular exercise in older adults with diabetes is widely used to prevent muscle breakdown and decline in physical function associated with the aging process, contributing to improved glycemic control, insulin resistance, body fat, lipid profiles, and cardiovascular health [1,2].…”

A Narrative Review of Non-Pharmacological Strategies for Managing Sarcopenia in Older Adults with Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases

“…Other studies support these findings, suggesting that minerals may aid sarcopenia prevention and treatment in healthy and frail older adults (>65 years) [202], whereas a higher dietary inflammatory index is associated with worse sarcopenic symptoms in older adults (>65 years) [203]. Although most evidence excludes sarcopenic individuals with specific health conditions (e.g., sarcopenic obesity), a recent study associated diets with a higher total antioxidant capacity with reduce abdominal obesity, fasting glycaemia and sarcopenia in TIID patients [199]. Among 158 healthy older adults, a potential association between increased inflammation (based on C-reactive protein levels) and slightly reduced appetite was identified [204].…”

“…In contrast, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds in food and drinks can increase the antioxidant capacity and reduce inflammation. Studies [199,200] show that consuming antioxidant-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, cacao, oils, micronutrients (e.g., selenium, magnesium, iron and vitamins A, C and E), plant-derived polyphenol-rich foods (e.g., berries and cherries) and long-chain fatty acids (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids) can help manage, treat and prevent sarcopenia in older adults aged >55 years [201]; the most promising interventions were increased fruit and vegetable consumption, tea catechins, magnesium and combined vitamin E, D and protein supplementation. Other studies support these findings, suggesting that minerals may aid sarcopenia prevention and treatment in healthy and frail older adults (>65 years) [202], whereas a higher dietary inflammatory index is associated with worse sarcopenic symptoms in older adults (>65 years) [203].…”

Plasma Gel Matrix as a Promising Carrier of Epigallocatechin Gallate for Regenerative Medicine

“…However, the plasma's total antioxidant capacity varies among individuals [39]. Aging and diet severely influence capacity [40][41][42]. Thus, elderly patients with chronic inflammation and without appropriate dietary intake are thought to be poorly resistant to ROS damage.…”