The relationship between surface water chemistry and geology in the North Branch of the Moose River

Newton, Robert M.; Weintraub, Jill; April, Richard

doi:10.1007/bf02185183

Cited by 95 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Previously, Grass Pond watershed was evaluated with respect to the role of atmospheric sulphur deposition and sediment accumulation by Holdren et al (1984), and Constable Pond watershed was intensively examined as a part of a study of the North Branch of the Moose River (e.g. Goldstein et al, 1987;Newton et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls on surface water chemistry in two lake‐watersheds in the Adirondack region of New York: differences in nitrogen solute sources and sinks

Ito

Mitchell

Driscoll

et al. 2006

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The southwestern Adirondack region of New York receives among the highest rates of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition in the USA. Atmospheric N deposition to sensitive ecosystems, like the Adirondacks, may increase the acidification of soils through losses of exchangeable nutrient cations, and the acidification of surface waters associated with enhanced mobility of nitrate (NO 3 ). However, watershed attributes, including surficial terrestrial characteristics, in-lake processing, and geological settings, have been found to complicate the relationships between atmospheric N deposition and N drainage losses. We studied two lake-watersheds in the southwestern Adirondacks, Grass Pond and Constable Pond, which are located in close proximity (¾26 km) and receive similarly high N deposition, but have contrasting watershed attributes (e.g. wetland area, geological settings). Since the difference in the influence of N deposition was minimal, we were able to examine both within-and between-watershed influences of land cover, the contribution of glacial till groundwater inputs, and in-lake processes on surface water chemistry with particular emphasis on N solutes and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Monthly samples at seven inlets and one outlet of each lake were collected from May to October in 1999 and 2000. The concentrations of NO 3 were high at the Grass Pond inlets, especially at two inlets, and NO 3 was the major N solute at the Grass Pond inlets. The concentrations of likely weathering products (i.e. dissolved Si, Ca 2C , Mg 2C , Na C ) as well as acid neutralizing capacity and pH values, were also particularly high at those two Grass Pond inlets, suggesting a large contribution of groundwater inputs. Dissolved organic N (DON) was the major N solute at the Constable Pond inlets. The higher concentrations of DON and DOC at the Constable Pond inlets were attributed to a large wetland area in the watershed. The DOC/DON ratios were also higher at the Constable Pond inlets, possibly due to a larger proportion of coniferous forest area. Although DON and DOC were strongly related, the stronger relationship of the proportion of wetland area with DOC suggests that additional factors regulate DON. The aggregated representation of watershed physical features (i.e. elevation, watershed area, mean topographic index, hypsometric-analysis index) was not clearly related to the lake N and DOC chemistry. Despite distinctive differences in inlet N chemistry, NO 3 and DON concentrations at the outlets of the two lakes were similar. The lower DOC/DON ratios at the lake outlets and at the inlets having upstream ponds suggest the importance of N processing and organic N sources within the lakes. Although an inverse relationship between NO 3 and DOC/DON has been suggested to be indicative of a N deposition gradient, the existence of this relationship for sites that receive similar atmospheric N deposition suggest that the relationship between NO 3 and the DOC/DON ratio is derived from environmental and physical factors. Our result...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls on surface water chemistry in two lake‐watersheds in the Adirondack region of New York: differences in nitrogen solute sources and sinks

Ito

Mitchell

Driscoll

et al. 2006

Hydrological Processes

Self Cite

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“…Low transport of sediment from undisturbed forested watersheds yields low concentrations of suspended inorganic matter in lake water (Likens et al 1977;Likens 198 5). Edaphic, geologic, and hydrologic differences among Adirondack watersheds can control the variation in chemistry (Driscoll and Newton 1985;Newton et al 1987;Peters and Driscoll 1987) and perhaps the response to acidification in individual lakes (Asbury et al 1989). …”

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confidence: 99%

Spectral reflectance and water quality of Adirondack mountain region lakes

Vertucci

Likens

1989

Limnology & Oceanography

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The reflectance properties of lakes in the Adirondack mountain region are described. Five distinct types of reflectance spectra are identified and related to differcnccs in water quality. No relationship was found between reflectance and acidification status.A reflectance model based on literature absorbance and scattering cross-sections of water, plant pigments, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and suspended inorganic matter is used to generate reflectance spectra of each reflectance type. Use of a variable Q factor during the conversion of remotely sensed reflectance to irradiance reflectance improves the correspondence between measured and modeled irradiance reflectance spectra. Comparison of measured reflectance with model reflectance also demonstrates the importance of small concentration changes as well as the interactive influence of plant pigments, DOC, and suspended material on lake color.Correlograms depict the wavelength-dependent relationships between reflectance and water quality. Plant pigments, DOC, and suspended material are negatively correlated with reflectance from 400 to 600 nm and positively correlated from 600 to 750 nm; parameters associated with lake acidification, pH, alkalinity, and aluminum concentrations are poorly correlated with reflectance. Adirondack lakes exhibit a high degree of covariance between pigment, DOC, and suspended matter concentrations.Regression models predicting total pigments and DOC are developed which suggest that these parameters can be estimated remotely in these lakes, but remote estimation of pH, alkalinity, and aluminum is not possible with reflectance measures. A regression model estimating total pigments from the reflectance ratio of 525 : 554 nm is similar in slope and accuracy to one derived for the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) for coastal marine waters. However, neither of the "recommended" CZCS pigment algorithms perform best with the Adirondack lake reflectance and pigment Remote sensing of water quality relies on the relationships among the remotely estimated radiance scattered out of the water, the inherent water column absorption and I Present address:

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“…This aquifer creates a setting for shallow groundwater to interact chemically with the large mineral surface area present in fragmented till and outwash. Newton et al (1987) found that groundwater pH increased substantially after exposure to a similar geologic setting in the Adirondack Mountains. In the Mad River valley, no till is mapped farther down valley than approximately RM 20 (Dragovich et al 2002, Tabor et al 1987.…”

Section: Specific Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 91%

Water Quality Trends in the Entiat River Subbasin: 2007-2008

Bookter¹,

Woodsmith²,

McCormick³

et al. 2009

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Production of high-quality water is a vitally important ecosystem service in the largely semiarid interior Columbia River basin (ICRB). Communities, tribal governments, and various agencies are concerned about maintenance of this water supply for domestic, agricultural, industrial, recreational, and ecosystem uses.Water quantity and quality are widely recognized as important components of habitat for depleted salmonid populations in the ICRB where a large, multiagency effort is underway to restore salmon, trout, and char listed as threatened or endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act. A particularly active program of salmonid restoration is ongoing in the Entiat River subbasin, part of the ICRB that drains a portion of the eastern slope of the Cascade Mountains in central Washington state. In the Entiat River, monitoring of compliance with the 1977 federal Clean Water Act has identified water temperature and especially pH as water quality parameters of concern. For these reasons, agencies and others concerned with production of high-quality water and restoration of listed salmonids require meaningful and efficient approaches to water quality monitoring. 2 RESEARch noTE pnW-Rn-563During spring 2007, we began testing a pilot water quality monitoring strategy using multiparameter data-logging instruments. These were deployed at four locations in the Entiat River subbasin to measure fundamental water quality parameters (pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and specific conductivity). In 2007 and 2008, the highest pH values occurred during the low-flow period from midsummer through the following midspring, then dropped sharply during the annual snowmelt runoff period from late spring through early summer. Water temperature began rapidly increasing during the receding limb of the annual snowmelt hydrograph. Highest mean-monthly temperatures occurred in July and August, and instantaneous maxima occurred during the period July-September. Dissolved oxygen reached its lowest levels during the period of highest water temperature in July-September.Specific conductivity remained very low at all sites throughout the year.

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The relationship between surface water chemistry and geology in the North Branch of the Moose River

Cited by 95 publications

References 5 publications

Controls on surface water chemistry in two lake‐watersheds in the Adirondack region of New York: differences in nitrogen solute sources and sinks

Controls on surface water chemistry in two lake‐watersheds in the Adirondack region of New York: differences in nitrogen solute sources and sinks

Spectral reflectance and water quality of Adirondack mountain region lakes

Water Quality Trends in the Entiat River Subbasin: 2007-2008

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