The relationship between Parkinson’s disease and gastrointestinal diseases

Zeng, Jiaqi; Wang, Xinchan; Pan, Fei; Mao, Zhiqi

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.955919

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Meanwhile, multiple cohort studies ( 99 – 102 ) and two systematic reviews and meta-analysis ( 103 , 104 ) have found that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated with a higher hazard of PD. IBS is a functional bowel disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits ( 105 , 106 ). It has been found that intestinal inflammation, increased intestinal permeability and changes in intestinal microbiome are involved in the pathogenesis of IBS, which was similar to that of PD ( 107 ).…”

Section: Intestinal Microbiome Dysregulation and Intestinal Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and intestinal microbiome dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease

Meng

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with aging. Its main pathological feature is the degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons related to the misfolding and aggregation of α-synuclein. The pathogenesis of PD has not yet been fully elucidated, and its occurrence and development process are closely related to the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Dysregulation of intestinal microbiota may promote the damage of the intestinal epithelial barrier, intestinal inflammation, and the upward diffusion of phosphorylated α-synuclein from the enteric nervous system (ENS) to the brain in susceptible individuals and further lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) through the disordered microbiota-gut-brain axis. The present review aimed to summarize recent advancements in studies focusing on the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of PD, especially the mechanism of intestinal microbiome dysregulation, intestinal inflammation, and gastrointestinal dysfunction in PD. Maintaining or restoring homeostasis in the gut microenvironment by targeting the gut microbiome may provide future direction for the development of new biomarkers for early diagnosis of PD and therapeutic strategies to slow disease progression.

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Section: Intestinal Microbiome Dysregulation and Intestinal Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and intestinal microbiome dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease

Meng

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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“…Systemic and fecal inflammatory markers IFN-γ, TNF-α, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were also associated with an elevated expression of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium in PD patients [ 41 ]. Thus, the intestinal microbiota composition in PD patients appears to influence pharmacological treatment responses [ 135 ].…”

Section: The Possible Role Of the Enteric Nervous System In Parkinson...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, PD is characterized by motor features and numerous non-motor symptoms that include sensory abnormalities, fatigue, sleep disturbances, autonomic dysfunction, psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, and apathy), and others [ 32 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Orthostatic hypotension, urogenital system disorders, hypersalivation, swallowing impairment, delayed gastric emptying, and constipation are the common manifestations related to autonomic dysfunction in PD [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Constipation is one of the most frequent non-motor symptoms, affecting up to 80% of PD patients, and may precede the onset of motor symptoms by years [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Microbiota: Understanding the Role of the Enteric Nervous System in Parkinson’s Disease from Mice to Human

et al. 2023

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The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a nerve network composed of neurons and glial cells that regulates the motor and secretory functions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. There is abundant evidence of mutual communication between the brain and the GI tract. Dysfunction of these connections appears to be involved in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Alterations in the ENS have been shown to occur very early in PD, even before central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Post-mortem studies of PD patients have shown aggregation of α-synuclein (αS) in specific subtypes of neurons in the ENS. Subsequently, αS spreads retrogradely in the CNS through preganglionic vagal fibers to this nerve’s dorsal motor nucleus (DMV) and other central nervous structures. Here, we highlight the role of the ENS in PD pathogenesis based on evidence observed in animal models and using a translational perspective. While acknowledging the putative role of the microbiome in the gut–brain axis (GBA), this review provides a comprehensive view of the ENS not only as a “second brain”, but also as a window into the “first brain”, a potentially crucial element in the search for new therapeutic approaches that can delay and even cure the disease.

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“…This suggests that young adult CD brain changes may resemble brains older healthy adults ( Nair et al, 2019 ), perhaps due to the increase of proinflammatory cytokine exposure in both aging adults and CDs. Additionally, IBD has been associated with age-related diseases such as, Parkinson’s ( Lin et al, 2016 ; Brudek, 2019 ; Zeng et al, 2022 ) and Alzheimer’s disease ( Hillary et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2022 ). To date, no studies have demonstrated similarities between morphological brain changes seen in IBD and brain morphometry observed in older healthy controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural brain morphometry differences and similarities between young patients with Crohn’s disease in remission and healthy young and old controls

Yeske,

Hou,

Chu

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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IntroductionCrohn’s disease (CD), one of the main phenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. It can impact the function of gastrointestinal secretions, as well as increasing the intestinal permeability leading to an aberrant immunological response and subsequent intestinal inflammation. Studies have reported anatomical and functional brain changes in Crohn’s Disease patients (CDs), possibly due to increased inflammatory markers and microglial cells that play key roles in communicating between the brain, gut, and systemic immune system. To date, no studies have demonstrated similarities between morphological brain changes seen in IBD and brain morphometry observed in older healthy controls..MethodsFor the present study, twelve young CDs in remission (M = 26.08 years, SD = 4.9 years, 7 male) were recruited from an IBD Clinic. Data from 12 young age-matched healthy controls (HCs) (24.5 years, SD = 3.6 years, 8 male) and 12 older HCs (59 years, SD = 8 years, 8 male), previously collected for a different study under a similar MR protocol, were analyzed as controls. T1 weighted images and structural image processing techniques were used to extract surface-based brain measures, to test our hypothesis that young CDs have different brain surface morphometry than their age-matched young HCs and furthermore, appear more similar to older HCs. The phonemic verbal fluency (VF) task (the Controlled Oral Word Association Test, COWAT) (Benton, 1976) was administered to test verbal cognitive ability and executive control.Results/DiscussionOn the whole, CDs had more brain regions with differences in brain morphometry measures when compared to the young HCs as compared to the old HCs, suggesting that CD has an effect on the brain that makes it appear more similar to old HCs. Additionally, our study demonstrates this atypical brain morphometry is associated with function on a cognitive task. These results suggest that even younger CDs may be showing some evidence of structural brain changes that demonstrate increased resemblance to older HC brains rather than their similarly aged healthy counterparts.

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The relationship between Parkinson’s disease and gastrointestinal diseases

Cited by 9 publications

References 96 publications

The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and intestinal microbiome dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease

The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and intestinal microbiome dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease

Beyond the Microbiota: Understanding the Role of the Enteric Nervous System in Parkinson’s Disease from Mice to Human

Structural brain morphometry differences and similarities between young patients with Crohn’s disease in remission and healthy young and old controls

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