The Relationship Between Health Belief and Breast Self-examination Among Iranian University Students

Asghari, Elnaz; Nahamin, Mina; Khoshtarash, Mehrnoosh; Khanghah, Atefeh Ghanbari; Mahdavi, Nader; Zoleikha, Asgarlo

doi:10.15296/ijwhr.2016.26

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…The most common cancer in males is the prostate [1] cancer whereas the most common cancer and malignancy in female is the breast cancer [2], [3], [4], [5]. Among cancers, colorectal and lung cancers are of the most widespread cancers in both genders [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer and the KIR genes in the human genome: A meta-analysis

et al. 2016

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Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of inflammation-based cancers and is occurred due to growth and spread of cancer cells in colon and/or rectum. Previously genetic association of cell cycle genes, both proto-oncogenes and the tumor suppressors has been proved. But there were few studies about association of immune related genes such as killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). Thus we intend to perform a meta-analysis to find the association of different genes of KIR and susceptibility to be affected by colorectal cancer. The overall population of the four studies investigated in our meta-analysis was 953 individuals (470 individuals with colorectal cancer and 483 individuals in control groups). After the analyses, we concluded that colorectal cancer is affected by KIR2DS5 and also there were no protecting gene. This result shows the inflammatory basis of this cancer. In other words, in contrast to leukemia and blood cancers, colorectal cancers seem to be affected by hyper activity of natural killer-cells (NKs). Whys and therefore of this paradox, is suggested to be investigated further.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer and the KIR genes in the human genome: A meta-analysis

et al. 2016

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“…Similar to Farzaneh et al, study, health insurance and age were two important factors for BSE and mammography 18 . By increasing age of women 10 , 23 and having health insurance 7 , 24 the performance in BSE, CBE and the frequency of mammography had promoted. Increase in age was associated with 5% increase (per year increase in age) in mammography adherence for low-income and high-income women 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increase in age was associated with 5% increase (per year increase in age) in mammography adherence for low-income and high-income women 25 . Subjects with a positive family history of BC have a higher awareness level and knowledge of screening methods 10 . Socioeconomic injustice in BC screening by mammography decreases over time 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the emphasis on regular BCscreening, still results indicated little participation in such preventive behaviors 2 , 8 , 9 . Even, BSE as a simple and effective method to make women aware of BC and encourage them to be examined by physicians in early stages was not performed regularly and monthly among women 10 . There are several personal and socio-cultural barriers to perform BC screening among women including lack of knowledge, financial, cultural barriers, fear and previous negative experiences 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Determinants of Breast Cancer Screening among Married Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2020

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Background: Regular cancer screening is the best way for early detection of breast cancer, but studies showed the low participation rates of screening in Iran. We aimed to determine breast cancer screening among married women and related factors in North of Iran. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from Jan to Mar 2017 among 1472 married women in an urban population in Rasht City, North of Iran. Data were collected using a questionnaire included socio-demographic information and breast cancer screening behaviors. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and logistic regression were used for data analyzing with SPSS. Results: The mean age of women was 35.1 ±6.5 years. Majority of women never performed clinical breast examination (70.7%) and regular monthly breast self-examination (52.2%). Only women over 40 yr performed mammography. Mammography performance was associated with health insurance (OR=4.99; 95% CI: 1.10, 22.53) and family history (OR=1.60; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.19), clinical breast examination was associated with age of women (OR=2.87; 95% CI: 1.90, 4.32) and breast selfexamination was associated with age and occupation of women [OR=1.67; 95 % CI: 1.16, 2.39, OR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.29) respectively]. Conclusion: The rate of breast cancer screening was low among married women. Therefore considering the structural and cultural barriers, effective health education is essential to reduce inequality and increase the efficiency of screening programs.

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“…Breast self-examination and then a doctor’s examination are helpful for women who do not have access to another screening method, such as a mammography. Despite the benefits of breast self-examination, many women are inactive, and various studies have reported insufficient breast self-examination [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the predictors of breast cancer screening behaviors (breast self-examination, clinical examination or examination by physician /midwife and mammography) based on protection motivation theory (PMT) in women

Nazari

Ghazaani

Kaveh

et al. 2021

Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene

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Summary Background Breast cancer is one of the most common health problems worldwide. The mortality rate of this disease is due to the lack of knowledge about screening methods and late diagnosis of cancer. Objective The purpose of this study is to determine the predictors of breast cancer screening behaviors using protection motivation theory. Methods and materials The conduction of study was cross-sectional and on 400 women aged 30-59 in Kashan. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on protection motivation theory. Sampling was performed from all community health service centers in Kashan and the proportional to size sampling method was used as available sampling. The statistical tests were Pearson correlation and linear regression. The software used was version 22 SPSS and the significance level was 0.05. Results The results showed that the average age of women was 39.7 ± 7.9 years. There is a direct and statistically significant relationship between perceived breast cancer screening behaviors and perceived self-efficacy (P < 0.05) and there is an inverse statistically significant relationship between breast cancer screening behaviors and perceived cost (P < 0.05). There is also a direct and significant statistical relationship between motivation of protection and perceived sensitivity, intensity, self-efficacy, cost, and perceived response efficiency (P < 0.05). Perceived self-efficacy, cost, and response efficiency are the predictors of breast cancer screening behaviors. The perceived cost is the negative predictor. Conclusion Overall, health care providers can view PMT as a framework for developing educational interventions aimed at improving behaviors related to breast cancer screening of women.

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The Relationship Between Health Belief and Breast Self-examination Among Iranian University Students

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Colorectal cancer and the KIR genes in the human genome: A meta-analysis

Colorectal cancer and the KIR genes in the human genome: A meta-analysis

Social Determinants of Breast Cancer Screening among Married Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Investigating the predictors of breast cancer screening behaviors (breast self-examination, clinical examination or examination by physician /midwife and mammography) based on protection motivation theory (PMT) in women

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