The Relationship between Angiogenic Factors and Energy Metabolism in Preeclampsia

Abstract

Antiangiogenic factors are currently used for the prediction of preeclampsia. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between antiangiogenic factors and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in maternal plasma and placenta. We analyzed 56 pregnant women, 30 healthy and 26 with preeclampsia (including early and late onset). We compared antiangiogenic factors soluble Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (sfLt-1), placental growth factor (PlGF), and soluble endoglin (sEng)), lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in maternal plasma, and lipid metabolism in the placenta from assays of fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid esterification, and triglyceride levels in all groups. Antiangiogenic factors sFlt-1, sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, and sEng showed a positive correlation with triglyceride, free fatty acid, and C-peptide maternal serum levels. However, there was no relationship between angiogenic factors and placental lipid metabolism parameters. Free fatty acids were predictive of elevated sFlt-1 and sEng, while C-peptide was predictive of an elevated sFlt1/PlGF ratio. The findings in this study generate a model to predict elevated antiangiogenic factor values and the relationship between them with different products of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in maternal serum and placenta in preeclampsia.

Decreased Fatty Acid Oxidation Gene Expression in Pre-Eclampsia According to the Onset and Presence of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

“…Theoretically, the pathogenic sequence can start with decreased placental FAO, which would increase the FFA and triglyceride placental and maternal serum levels, leading to immune-resistance, lipotoxicity, and finally, endothelial damage. In favor of this hypothesis, we have shown in a previous paper that there is a positive correlation between FFA, triglycerides, and C-peptide with the anti-angiogenic factors of endothelial damage, such as the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio (soluble Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (sFlt-1)/placental growth factor (PlGF), and soluble endoglin (sEng) in maternal serum in pre-eclampsia [ 9 ]. The etiopathogenesis of LOPE has traditionally been related to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance [ 62 ], which is closely linked to the accumulation of serum FFA.…”

“…In EOPE, the pathogenesis is more related to placental insufficiency and damage, leading to a clinical situation similar to atherosclerosis during gestation, whereas, in LOPE, there is a metabolic imbalance that leads to an insufficient supply in terms of fetal demands [ 8 ]. Therefore, the study of lipids in the maternal serum and placenta in the different types of pre-eclampsia is of great importance as an alternative to other pathogenic routes [ 9 ].…”

PPARγ alleviates preeclampsia development by regulating lipid metabolism and ferroptosis

“…PE was diagnosed and classified according to the criteria provided by the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy (ISSHP) 2 . As described in a previous study 24 , the inclusion criteria for the Normal were normotensive during pregnancy, term pregnancy, no history of chronic metabolic disease or any pathology that may involve disturbances in lipid or carbohydrate metabolism, and no complications during pregnancy. Exclusion criteria for PE were patients with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, infection, congenital malformations, and chromosomal abnormalities (number or structure).…”

Pre-pregnancy body mass index combined with peripheral blood PLGF, DCN, LDH, and UA in a risk prediction model for pre-eclampsia

“…Therefore, the four measurement factors of PLGF, DCN, LDH and UA have different importance in the prediction, diagnosis and assessment of PE, and should be comprehensively tested and analyzed according to the characteristics of the disease and clinical needs. Currently, early prediction and evaluation of PE are mainly performed by means of patient symptoms, risk factors, physical signs and auxiliary examinations ( 9 , 10 ). Caterina et al.…”

“…Therefore, the four measurement factors of PLGF, DCN, LDH and UA have different importance in the prediction, diagnosis and assessment of PE, and should be comprehensively tested and analyzed according to the characteristics of the disease and clinical needs. Currently, early prediction and evaluation of PE are mainly performed by means of patient symptoms, risk factors, physical signs and auxiliary examinations (9,10). Caterina et al investigated a significant correlation between plasma miR-125b levels and PE, which together with maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) provided a predictive model with an area under the curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-1.00) (11).…”