The rapid evolution of highly efficient perovskite solar cells

Abstract

The latest developments in the efficiency and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells are summarized.

Investigation of NiOx-hole transport layers in triple cation perovskite solar cells

“…Up to now, Cs-containing mixed ion perovskite solar cells were mostly fabricated in n-i-p device structures on mesoporous TiO 2 [4,6]. In our study, this efficient perovskite absorber is investigated in the planar p-i-n structure adopted from organic solar cells, which already gave promising PCE values with MAPbI 3 absorber layers ranging from 10% to above 18% [8,17,19,25,27,30].…”

“…4). By combining these three different cations (MA/FA/Cs), the mixed cation perovskite crystalizes in a cubic crystal structure, which corresponds to a black phase [4]. In Fig.…”

“…As can be further seen, no impurities such as lead iodide, methylammonium iodide or FAPbI 3 were observed. The addition of Cs fosters the formation of the desired black phase and suppresses the yellow phase of FAPbI 3 [4]. Another important issue is the ratio of the solvent mixture to obtain a uniform film formation.…”

“…This A-site cation combination results in the suppression of the photovoltaic non-active "yellow phase" and enhances perovskite crystallinity. However, so far this route is mainly investigated in n-i-p based perovskite solar cells [4][5][6]. In these structures, TiO 2 is used as ETL in most cases in combination with HTLs such as spiro-OMeTAD or other organic HTLs [7].…”

Progress in organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite single crystal: growth techniques and applications

“…Currently, perovskite thin films have been under intensive investigation and most reported applications have focused on polycrystalline thin films. Accordingly, a lot of recent reviews regarding the progress in perovskites concentrate on their polycrystalline film form [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Although the study of perovskite single crystals is just in its early stage, it is highly desirable to investigate fundamentally intrinsic properties of perovskites due to their low trap density and absence of grain boundaries.…”