The Radio-protective effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester and Thymoquinone in rats exposed to total head irradiation

Abstract

TQ and CAPE decrease oxidative stress markers and have antioxidant effects, which also augment antioxidant capacity in the liver tissue of irradiated rats.

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester attenuates ionize radiation-induced intestinal injury through modulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and p38MAPK in rats

“…Control group: rats were gavaged with 0.2 ml normal saline once daily for 7 days; IR (9 Gy) group: rats were exposed to a single dose of 9 Gy abdominal irradiation (Morel et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2009); IR + CAPE group: rats were gavaged for 7 consecutive days of 10 mol/kg/d CAPE and a single abdominal irradiation (Cikman et al, 2014); IR + N-acetylcysteine (NAC) group (positive group): rats were gavaged for 7 consecutive days of NAC 200 mg/kg/d and a single abdominal irradiation.…”

Radioprotective effect of thymoquinone on salivary gland of rats exposed to total cranial irradiation

“…Efforts to decrease toxicity of irradiation to normal tissue, organs, and cells have led into searching for cytoprotective agents. Unfortunately, most of the radioprotectors possess toxic side effects, which limit its role in medical treatment …”

“…Thymoquinone, the main constituent of the volatile oil from Negella sativa seeds, is reported to possess strong antioxidant properties against oxidative damage induced by a variety of free radical generating agents. Pharmacological and toxicological studies carried out on thymoquinone have reported it to possess diverse pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, anti‐inflammatory, nephroprotective, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and anticonvulsant …”

“…Unfortunately, most of the radioprotectors possess toxic side effects, which limit its role in medical treatment. 6,7 All cells in the body are exposed chronically to oxidants from both endogenous and exogenous sources. To control the flux of ROS and RNS, aerobic cells have developed their own defense system against free radical attacks, the antioxidant system, which includes enzymatic and nonenzymatic components.…”

“…Pharmacological and toxicological studies carried out on thymoquinone have reported it to possess diverse pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, nephroprotective, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and anticonvulsant. 7,11,13 In this study, we considered the effect of irradiation and addition of thymoquinone on the oxidant/antioxidant system in the salivary gland of rats exposed to total cranial irradiation. To the best of our knowledge, there is no experimental study that investigates the effect of thymoquinone supplementation on total (enzymatic plus nonenzymatic) total superoxide scavenger activity (TSSA), nonenzymatic superoxide scavenger activity (NSSA), SOD, GSH-Px, GST, and xanthine oxidase, nitric oxide synthase activities, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and malondialdehyde in the salivary gland of rats receiving ionizing radiation.…”