The protein kinase C orthologue PkcA plays a role in cell wall integrity and polarized growth in Aspergillus nidulans

Teepe, Annette G.; Loprete, Darlene M.; He, Zhu‐Mei; Hoggard, Timothy; Hill, Terry W.

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2006.10.001

Cited by 57 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…We linked GFP to the FlcA-C C terminus and separated them by 4 additional codons that, after translation, produce a 4-amino-acid linker (glycinethreonine-arginine-glycine). 59 The S. cerevisiae in vivo recombination system was used for production of the transformation cassette. First, the flcA-C ORF and approximately 500 pb its 5 0 -UTR flanking region were amplified from gDNA of the wild-type strain by the use of the primers FlcA-C pRS426 5 Fw and FlcA SPACER GFP Rv.…”

Section: Construction Of the A Fumigatus Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The putative flavin carrier family FlcA-C is important forAspergillus fumigatusvirulence

et al. 2016

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Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen and the most important species causing pulmonary fungal infections. The signaling by calcium is very important for A. fumigatus pathogenicity and it is regulated by the transcription factor CrzA. We have previously used used ChIP-seq (Chromatin Immunoprecipitation DNA sequencing) aiming to identify gene targets regulated by CrzA. We have identified among several genes regulated by calcium stress, the putative flavin transporter, flcA. This transporter belongs to a small protein family composed of FlcA, B, and C. The DflcA null mutant showed several phenotypes, such as morphological defects, increased sensitivity to calcium chelating-agent ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA), cell wall or oxidative damaging agents and metals, representative of deficiencies in calcium signaling and iron homeostasis. Increasing calcium concentrations improved significantly the DflcA growth and conidiation, indicating that DflcA mutant has calcium insufficiency. Finally, DflcA-C mutants showed reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and were avirulent in a low dose murine infection model.

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Section: Construction Of the A Fumigatus Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The putative flavin carrier family FlcA-C is important forAspergillus fumigatusvirulence

et al. 2016

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“…Several studies suggest the involvement of protein kinase C (PkcA), but direct proof that places PkcA in line with the MAP kinase module in Aspergillus spp. is still lacking (10)(11)(12). Kwon and colleagues recently characterized five of six Rho GTPases of Aspergillus niger, and beside other functional aspects, they found that Rho2 and Rho4 are important to withstand stress caused by chitin binding agents (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Rom2 in Cell Wall Integrity Maintenance of Aspergillus fumigatus

et al. 2013

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Aspergillus fumigatus is a mold and the causal agent of invasive aspergillosis, a systemic disease with high lethality. Recently, we identified and functionally characterized three stress sensors implicated in the cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling of this pathogen, namely, Wsc1, Wsc3, and MidA. Here, we functionally characterize Rom2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor with essential function for the cell wall integrity of A. fumigatus. A conditional rom2 mutant has severe growth defects under repressive conditions and incorporates all phenotypes of the three cell wall integrity sensor mutants, e.g., the echinocandin sensitivity of the ⌬wsc1 mutant and the Congo red, calcofluor white, and heat sensitivity of the ⌬midA mutant. Rom2 interacts with Rho1 and shows a similar intracellular distribution focused at the hyphal tips. Our results place Rom2 between the cell surface stress sensors Wsc1, Wsc3, MidA, and Rho1 and their downstream effector mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase module Bck1-Mkk2-MpkA.

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“…In A. nidulans, the Rho family GTPase RhoA was shown to be involved in establishing polarity, branching, and cell wall synthesis (13). It was suggested that the protein kinase C (PKC)-encoding gene pkcA plays an essential role in the maintenance of cell integrity and polarized growth in A. nidulans (18,41,46). The A. nidulans MpkA protein is involved in germination of conidial spores and polarized growth (4), and transcription of the mpkA gene seems to be autoregulated by the CWI pathway via MpkA (8).…”

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Putative Stress Sensors WscA and WscB Are Involved in Hypo-Osmotic and Acidic pH Stress Tolerance in Aspergillus nidulans

et al. 2011

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Wsc proteins have been identified in fungi and are believed to be stress sensors in the cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling pathway. In this study, we characterized the sensor orthologs WscA and WscB in Aspergillus nidulans. Using hemagglutinin-tagged WscA and WscB, we showed both Wsc proteins to be N-and Oglycosylated and localized in the cell wall and membrane, implying that they are potential cell surface sensors. The wscA disruptant (⌬wscA) strain was characterized by reduced colony and conidia formation and a high frequency of swollen hyphae under hypo-osmotic conditions. The deficient phenotype of the ⌬wscA strain was facilitated by acidification, but not by alkalization or antifungal agents. In contrast, osmotic stabilization restored the normal phenotype in the ⌬wscA strain. A similar inhibition was observed in the wscB disruptant strain, but to a lesser extent. In addition, a double wscA and wscB disruptant (⌬wscA ⌬wscB) strain was viable, but its growth was inhibited to a greater degree, indicating that the functions of the products of these genes are redundant. Transcription of ␣-1,3-glucan synthase genes (agsA and agsB) was significantly altered in the wscA disruptant strain, resulting in an increase in the amount of alkali-soluble cell wall glucan compared to that in the wild-type (wt) strain. An increase in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MpkA) phosphorylation was observed as a result of wsc disruption. Moreover, the transient transcriptional upregulation of the agsB gene via MpkA signaling was observed in the ⌬wscA ⌬wscB strain to the same degree as in the wt strain. These results indicate that A. nidulans Wsc proteins have a different sensing spectrum and downstream signaling pathway than those in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and that they play an important role in CWI under hypo-osmotic and acidic pH conditions.

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The protein kinase C orthologue PkcA plays a role in cell wall integrity and polarized growth in Aspergillus nidulans

Cited by 57 publications

References 58 publications

The putative flavin carrier family FlcA-C is important forAspergillus fumigatusvirulence

The putative flavin carrier family FlcA-C is important forAspergillus fumigatusvirulence

Role of the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Rom2 in Cell Wall Integrity Maintenance of Aspergillus fumigatus

Putative Stress Sensors WscA and WscB Are Involved in Hypo-Osmotic and Acidic pH Stress Tolerance in Aspergillus nidulans

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