The protective effect of menhaden oil in the oxidative damage and renal necrosis due to dietary choline deficiency

Abstract

Weanling rats fed a choline-deficient diet develop kidney oxidative damage, tubular and cortical kidney necrosis, renal failure and animal death. The effect of dietary menhaden oil was assayed on the mentioned sequence correlating oxidative stress with renal structure and function. Rats were fed ad libitum 4 different diets: (a) a choline-deficient diet with corn oil and sunflower hydrogenated oil as a source of fatty acids; (b) the same diet supplemented with choline; (c) a choline-deficient diet with menhaden oil as a source of fatty acids; and (d) the previous diet supplemented with choline. Animals were sacrificed at days 0, 2, 4 and 7. The histopathological study of the kidneys showed that renal necrosis was only observed at day 7 in choline-deficient rats receiving the vegetable oil diet, simultaneously with increased creatinine plasma levels. Homogenate chemiluminescence (BOOH-initiated chemiluminescence) and phospholipid oxidation indicate the development of oxidative stress and damage in choline-deficient rats fed vegetable oils as well as the protective effect of menhaden oil. Rats fed with the fish oil diet showed that oxidative stress and damage develop later, as compared with vegetable oil, with no morphological damage during the experimental period.

Short-term Menhaden Oil Rich Diet Changes Renal Lipid Profile in Acute Kidney Injury

“…Total reactive antioxidant potential TRAP is a measure of hydrosoluble molecules. In kidney of CD rats, its value decrease from day 0 to 7 25,26 . Higher values of antioxidant enzymes were found in Wistar rats fed fish oil diets 27 .…”

“…Menhaden oil, which is a very important source of ω3 fatty acids, has a notorious protective effect 20,25 .…”

Effects of Choline on Meat Quality and Intramuscular Fat in Intrauterine Growth Retardation Pigs

“…Some data have suggested that choline attenuates oxidative stress in patients with asthma [ 17 ]. A previous study reports that the dietary choline could induce the oxidation [ 20 , 21 ] of lipid component in the membranes of muscle cells and also affected the intracellular lipid metabolism [ 22 ]. Therefore, this underlines the importance of choline-rich foods for proper muscle function.…”

Alpha-lipoic acid affects the oxidative stress in various brain structures in mice with methionine and choline deficiency

“…9 In recent studies, it has been shown that methionine and choline deficiency (MCD), both separately and in combination may induce oxidative stress in various tissues and organs such as liver, kidney, and brain. [10][11][12][13] Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) is well know antioxidant, and has ROS scavenging capacity, the capacity to regenerate endogenous antioxidants such as glutathione, and vitamins E and C, and a metal chelating capacity. Besides, LA is both water and lipid soluble and therefore can cross biological membranes easily, such as blood-brain barrier, and performs its antioxidant action both in the cytosol and in the plasma membrane.…”