The protective action of osmolytes on the deleterious effects of gamma rays and atmospheric pressure plasma on protein conformational changes

Abstract

Both gamma rays and atmospheric pressure plasma are known to have anticancer properties. While their mechanism actions are still not clear, in some contexts they work in similar manner, while in other contexts they work differently. So to understand these relationships, we have studied Myoglobin protein after the treatment of gamma rays and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma, and analyzed the changes in thermodynamic properties and changes in the secondary structure of protein after both treatments. The thermodynamic properties were analyzed using chemical and thermal denaturation after both treatments. We have also studied the action of gamma rays and DBD plasma on myoglobin in the presence of osmolytes, such as sorbitol and trehalose. For deep understanding of the action of gamma rays and DBD plasma, we have analyzed the reactive species generated by them in buffer at all treatment conditions. Finally, we have used molecular dynamic simulation to understand the hydrogen peroxide action on myoglobin with or without osmolytes, to gain deeper insight into how the osmolytes can protect the protein structure from the reactive species generated by gamma rays and DBD plasma.

Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma: A Friendly Environment for Dry Enzymes

“…It is thus feasible to make negligible the activity reduction by increasing enough the thickness of the initial enzyme deposit. There is a wide literature that point out to a strong plasma‐induced inactivation of the enzymes in an aqueous environment associated to the formation of water soluble reactive species such as H 2 O 2 , hydroxyl radicals, and so on . The results of the present study suggest that the high stability of dry enzymes exposed to plasma is because these routes of inactivation found in solution are absent in the solid state and, therefore, allow envisaging new and unexpected directions towards surface engineering of enzymes through plasma‐based approaches.…”

Bacterial inactivation by plasma treated water enhanced by reactive nitrogen species

“…It is generally known that RONS generated from an APPJ induce inactivation of microorganisms, as well as structural changes in proteins 5 , 32 . In this work, we demonstrate that the adding a vapor system (either water vapor or 0.5 wt% of HNO 3 vapor) to the plasma enhances the antimicrobial activity as compared to plasma without vapor system.…”

“…Simultaneously, the RONS contents in the water samples were also analyzed. The amounts of OH and H 2 O 2 were measured by previously described methods 32 , 33 . The concentration of NO 2 − was measured using the Griess reagent kit (Molecular probe, USA) and the NO 3 − concentration was measured with an Acorn ion Meter (Oakton WD-WD-35613-30 Ion 6 meter).…”

Impact of Gamma rays and DBD plasma treatments on wastewater treatment

“…The H 2 O 2 was measured using titanyl ion 19 , 20 , 24 , and NO was detected using 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM) 21 , 24 , 26 . OH was measured using terephthalic acid (20 mM), as per the procedure given in earlier research work 45 . NO 2 − /NO 3 − was measured using the Nitrite/Nitrate Assay Kit, colorimetric supplied by Aldrich Chemical Co. (USA).…”

“…NO 2 − /NO 3 − was measured using the Nitrite/Nitrate Assay Kit, colorimetric supplied by Aldrich Chemical Co. (USA). Meanwhile, the NO 3 − concentration was cross-checked using the Acorn Series ION 6 Meter (pH/mV/°C meter), nitrate electrode, from Oakton Instruments, USA 45 , 46 .…”