The Prognosis of Depression in Old Age

Murphy, Elaine

doi:10.1192/bjp.142.2.111

Cited by 574 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The long-term prognosis for depression in later life has generally been considered mixed with only one quarter to one third of the patients robustly well at 1-3 years of follow-up (Murphy, 1983;Post et al, 1992;Cole et al, 1999;Beekman et al, 2002; for a review see Mitchell and Subramaniam, 2005). Once recovered from depressive symptoms, older people have a high risk of recurrence, with rates ranging between 15 and 50% (Hinrichsen and Hernandez, 1993;Little et al, 1996;Flint and Rifat, 1997;Kivela et al, 2000;Beekman et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for an association of the big five personality factors with recurrence of depressive symptoms in later life

Steunenberg

Braam

Beekman

et al. 2009

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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SUMMARYObjectives Although it is well known that recurrence of late-life depression is very common, little is known about the characteristics of older people who are vulnerable for recurrence. In order to identify characteristics of those who are at risk, the present study aimed to investigate the strength of the associations of the big five personality factors with recurrence in later life. Secondly, we studied whether there are gender and age differences in the strength of these associations. Methods Using data from the longitudinal aging study Amsterdam (LASA) a subsample with clinically relevant depressive symptoms at one or more of the first three LASA-cycles, but who had recovered at the fourth cycle, was approached to participate in a fifth cycle to determine recurrence (n ¼ 92). Respondents completed self-report questionnaires on personality (NEO-FFI) and depression (CES-D). By means of logistic regression analyses the associations between the Big Five and recurrence of depression at fifth cycle was investigated. Results 58 (63%) had a recurrence of depressive symptoms. A high level of neuroticism was significantly associated with recurrence. No gender differences or age-related differences in strength of the associations of personality with recurrence were found. Conclusion In later life, neuroticism still is associated with the recurrence of depression. Efforts to prevent recurrence of late-life depression should focus on those with high levels of neuroticism and future research should aim at further unravelling the association between depression and personality in later life.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for an association of the big five personality factors with recurrence of depressive symptoms in later life

Steunenberg

Braam

Beekman

et al. 2009

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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“…Major depression in older persons over longer follow-up periods exhibits a chronic remitting course in most clinical studies (86)(87)(88)(89)(90)(91). In a 6-year follow-up of elderly depressives, 31% recovered and remained well, 28% suffered at least one relapse but recovered, 23% only partially recovered, and 17% remained depressed throughout the follow-up (86).…”

Section: Course Of Late-life Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide in Late Life: Review and Commentary

Blazer

Bachar

Mantón

1986

J American Geriatrics Society

116

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Increasing attention has been directed to recent increases in suicide rates for children, adolescents, and young adults. Nevertheless, persons 65 years and older continue to commit suicide at a higher rate than any other age group in the United States. In this paper various aspects of suicide are examined by analyzing recent trends among young and elderly populations, cohort suicide rates, and future projection of the number of suicides in late life. Data are derived from US death certificates. Consideration of the epidemiologic data and projections may be helpful both to those interested in public policy and to clinicians serving the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 34:519–525, 1986

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“…It must be said that some authors, like Murphy 7 have not found consistent relationships between pseudo dementia and the appearance of true dementia on follow-up. The present author suggests some reasons for this interesting aspect:…”

Section: Comments and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citalopram, depression and pseudo dementia: A neuropsychological case study

Mattos

1995

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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SUMMARY -The author presents a case of (depressive) pseudo dementia, commenting on the clinical and neuropsychological findings before and after the use of citalopram, a serotoninergic anti depressive drug. The case portrays the current criticism about the old dichotomy between non-reversible ("functional") and reversible ("organic") dementia. The 73 year old woman initially diagnosed as pseudo demented showed some mild cognitive deterioration in neuropsychological evaluation after the improvement of her depressive symptoms. Some reasons for the divergent findings on pseudo dementia prognosis in the literature are proposed. KEY-WORDS: depression, dementia, pseudo dementia, citalopram.Citalopram, depressão e pseudodemência: um estudo neuropsicológico de caso.RESUMO: O autor apresenta um caso de pseudodemência depressiva, tecendo comentários sobre os achados clínicos e neuropsicológicos antes e depois do uso de citalopram, um agente serotoninérgico. O caso apresentado ilustra as críticas atuais acerca da antiga dicotomia entre demências reversíveis ("funcionais") e não-reversíveis ("orgânicas"). A paciente de 73 anos inicialmente diagnosticada como pseudodemente demonstrou algum grau de deterioração cognitiva em testes neuropsicológicos após a melhora dos sintomas depressivos. São sugeridas algumas razões para os achados divergentes com relação ao prognóstico da pseudodemência encontrados na literatura. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: depressão, demência, pseudodemência, citalopram.Since the mid-nineteenth century, medicine has estabilished a dichotomy between the "reversible", "functional" or "non-organic" dementia on one side and the "irreversible", "structural" or "organic" on the other side. The term "pseudo dementia", has been widely used in the literature, comprising a broad class of disorders which historically includes not only depressive dementia but also schizophrenia, Ganser syndrome, delirium, normal-pressure hydrocephalus, deafness and much more 2 . The pseudo dementia clinical picture can be present in a number of psychiatric disorders, of which depression is by far the most common. Nowadays the term is commonly used to refer to patients with a depressive syndrome mimicking dementia but for whom this last diagnosis is abandoned because of the course of the illness. Some authors employ the terms depressive and non-depressive pseudo dementia 11 . This dichotomy has been based upon the presumption that the cognitive impairment seen in pseudo dementia, although having the appearance of organic deterioration, could remit with proper

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The Prognosis of Depression in Old Age

Cited by 574 publications

References 15 publications

Evidence for an association of the big five personality factors with recurrence of depressive symptoms in later life

Evidence for an association of the big five personality factors with recurrence of depressive symptoms in later life

Suicide in Late Life: Review and Commentary

Citalopram, depression and pseudo dementia: A neuropsychological case study

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