The profile of thyroid cancer in patients undergoing thyroidectomy at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital

Chagi, N; Bombil, I; Mannell, A

doi:10.17159/2078-5151/2019/v57n3a2928

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This predominance of follicular carcinoma reported in this study is similar to previous studies from Sudan[ 20 , 21 ] and prior studies on TC conducted in Southern Africa [ 36 – 38 ], Western Africa [ 39 , 40 ], and Eastern Africa [ 38 , 41 ]. However, there are studies conducted in Africa which showed papillary carcinoma as the most frequent type of TC [ 33 , 42 – 45 ]. In the African continent, there is a wide variation in the prevalence rates of histological types of TC as follows: papillary (6.7–72.1%), follicular (4.9–68%), anaplastic (5–21.4%) and medullary (2.6–13.8%) [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological profile and management of thyroid carcinoma: a Sub-Saharan country experience

Elhassan,

Gismalla,

Mohamed

et al. 2023

Thyroid Res

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Background In Sudan, there is limited knowledge on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and pathological patterns of thyroid cancer. To address this shortcoming, we studied the clinical, pathological and treatment patterns of thyroid cancer at the National Cancer Institute ‒ University of Gezira (NCI-UG), Sudan. Methods We performed a retrospective health facility–based study of patients with thyroid cancer who were treated at NCI–UG from January 2009 to December 2017. Results A total of 139 patients with thyroid cancer were identified during the study period. Tumors were more common among women (69%). Goiter was the main presenting symptom (85%). The most common type of thyroid cancer was follicular carcinoma (41%), followed by papillary carcinoma (24%), then anaplastic carcinoma (20%). The mean age of the women was 56.3 years (SD ± 14.7), compared to 52.5 years (SD ± 16.6) for the men. The frequencies of stage I, II, III, and IV were 17%, 22%, 16%, and 45%, respectively. Different types of thyroidectomies were performed in 79% of the cases, lobectomy in 4%, and no surgery in 17%. Only 28% of the cases received radioactive iodine. Palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy were prescribed to 17% and 37% of the cases, respectively. Conclusion Thyroid cancer is more prevalent among women and most patients present at later stages. The dominance of follicular type suggests that the majority of this population is iodine-deficient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological profile and management of thyroid carcinoma: a Sub-Saharan country experience

Elhassan,

Gismalla,

Mohamed

et al. 2023

Thyroid Res

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“…2 illustrates the rising trend in the incidence of thyroid cancer in some selected countries across the world although the rate of rise differs due to genetic variations, environmental factors and access to medical care. [5][6][7] The rate of rise of thyroid cancer incidence in Africa is lower than most parts of the world probably due to underdiagnosis. 4 Thyroid cancer is commoner in females and it is the 5th most common cancer among females accounting for 4.9% of cancer incidence in them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pattern of thyroid cancers in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Azeez¹,

Iyapo²,

Folorunso

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundThyroid cancer is the commonest endocrine cancer. There are various histopathological types requiring different therapeutic approaches and having variable prognosis. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern of thyroid cancers in Nigeria.MethodsThe systematically searched databases were African Journal Online, Google Scholar, PubMed and SCOPUS. The pre-print databases Research Square, SciELO and medRxiv were also systematically searched. Moreover, the available grey literature was keenly searched. The meta-analysis was done using Meta XL version 5. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The DerSimonian Laird random effect model was used for the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity of the selected studies was determined using I2 statistic and the Cochran’s Q test. Publication bias was assessed with the LFK index and Doi plot.ResultsTwenty-six studies met the eligibility criteria. The total sample size was 1224. In Nigeria, thyroid cancer was most common in the 4th and 5th decades of life. It was 3.5 (95%CI: 3.0- 4.6, p<0.0001) times commoner in females than males. The pooled proportions of thyroid cancers included papillary thyroid cancer- 46% (95% CI: 40 -53), follicular thyroid cancer- 39% (95% CI: 32-45), medullary thyroid cancer – 7% (95% CI: 6 -9), and anaplastic thyroid cancer- 5% (95% CI: 3 -7). The trend showed a change from follicular cancer predominance to papillary cancer over the past two decades.ConclusionPapillary thyroid cancer is the commonest type in Nigeria. Thyroid cancer is seen more in females and it occurs most commonly in middle age.

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Thyroid cancer is prevalent both internationally and locally in South Africa (SA), [1] and is the most common cause of endocrine malignancy in Africa. [1] Rahbari et al [2] found that it is 2.9 times more common in females than males, and is currently on an increasing trend worldwide. [1] This increase may be due to various factors, including improvements in diagnostic methods and changes in iodination of salt in our diets.

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confidence: 99%

“…[1] Rahbari et al [2] found that it is 2.9 times more common in females than males, and is currently on an increasing trend worldwide. [1] This increase may be due to various factors, including improvements in diagnostic methods and changes in iodination of salt in our diets. [3] Internationally, according to the National Cancer Database in the USA, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased over the last decade from an incidence of 7.1 per 100 000 in 2000 to 17.6 per 100 000 in 2013.…”

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The association between cytology and histopathology in thyroid nodules over a 6-year period in an urban hospital in South Africa

Chetty,

Mbatha,

Fru

2023

S Afr Med J

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Background. Thyroid cancer is prevalent both internationally and locally, and is the most common cause of endocrine malignancies in Africa. The prognosis of thyroid cancer in general is quite good, but to achieve good outcomes, appropriate methods for diagnosis are important. A cytology result obtained from a fine needle aspiration and biopsy (FNAB) is one such method, and is less invasive and has less risk compared with obtaining a histological result via open surgery. However, there are accuracy differences that have been reported in different literature findings. Objectives. To determine the diagnostic accuracy rate of thyroid FNAB compared with histopathological samples at an urban hospital in South Africa (SA), and compare this with international standards. Methods. A retrospective observational study was conducted of patients who had undergone both FNAB and thyroidectomies at Helen Joseph Hospital, Gauteng Province, SA, a public tertiary hospital, between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2021. Various analytical methods were used, including Poisson generalised linear model, binomial generalised linear model, a two-proportion z-test, McNemar’s test and the F1 score. Results. There were 164 participants in this study who were between the ages of 21 and 82 years old. Thirty-six records were excluded for use as a comparison between cytology and histology, as they were in Bethesda categories 1, 3 and 4. Out of the 128 records that were compared, there was statistically significant agreement v. non-agreement between cytology and histology findings for thyroid nodules (109 v. 19, p<0.001, respectively). A comparison between our sample population and internationally published standards in terms of rate of malignancy noted that our rate of malignancy was slightly higher in Bethesda 2 patients (5.88%) v. internationally published standards (0 - 3%), and slightly lower in Bethesda 4 (23.52%) and 6 (77.77%) v. internationally published standards (25 - 40% and 97 - 99%, respectively. Conclusion. There was good correlation between cytology and histology for thyroid nodules. Differences were noted between the percentage of malignant cases in the different Bethesda categories compared with international standards as noted above. We recommend that further studies are conducted locally to improve knowledge on this topic.

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The profile of thyroid cancer in patients undergoing thyroidectomy at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Clinicopathological profile and management of thyroid carcinoma: a Sub-Saharan country experience

Clinicopathological profile and management of thyroid carcinoma: a Sub-Saharan country experience

The pattern of thyroid cancers in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The association between cytology and histopathology in thyroid nodules over a 6-year period in an urban hospital in South Africa

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