The process of reforming the International Patent Classification

Makarov, Mikhail

doi:10.1016/j.wpi.2004.01.003

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Makarov presented a scheme in which ions are ejected from a QLIT, a single species is isolated using multireflection ToF, fragmented, and then the fragments are returned to the QLIT via a separate entrance such that the overall ion path is cyclical. 31 Verentchikov and co-workers described an instrument that involves recapturing ions in a QLIT after isolation by a multireflecting ToF analyzer having a folded ion path. 32 In this work, we demonstrate a nondestructive MS/MS experiment that couples a relatively compact linear electrostatic ion trap for mass analysis and mass selection with a linear quadrupole ion trap for collision-induced dissociation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using a Linear Quadrupole Ion Trap Coupled to a Linear Electrostatic Ion Trap

2013

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A novel hybrid tandem mass spectrometer is presented that combines a linear quadrupole ion trap (QLIT) with a linear electrostatic ion trap (ELIT), which is composed of opposing ion mirrors. The QLIT is used both as an accumulation device for the pulsed injection of ions into the ELIT and as a collision cell for ions released from the ELIT and back into the QLIT. Ions are subjected to mass analysis in the ELIT via Fourier transformation of the time-domain signal obtained from an image current measurement using a pick-up electrode in the field-free region of the ELIT. The nondestructive nature of ion detection and the relatively straightforward axial entrance and exit of ions into and from the ELIT allow for the execution of nondestructive tandem mass spectrometry experiments whereby both the initial mass spectrum and the product ion spectrum are obtained on the same initial ion population. The timed pulsing of a deflection electrode, in conjunction with the release of ions from the ELIT, allows for the selection of precursor ions for recapture by the QLIT. The transfer of ions back and forth between the QLIT and ELIT is illustrated with Cs ions, the selection of precursor ions is demonstrated with isotopes of tetraoctylammonium cations, and complete nondestructive tandem mass spectrometry experiments are demonstrated with a mixture of angiotensin II and bradykinin cations. With the current apparatus, the efficiency for the process of recapturing ions and then reinjecting them into the ELIT is 35%-40%. The instrument is capable of isolating an ion from a neighbor with a mass as close as 1 part in 500, with negligible loss of the desired species.

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confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using a Linear Quadrupole Ion Trap Coupled to a Linear Electrostatic Ion Trap

2013

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“…Such a procedure was based on the correlation of the keywords in the first phase of the present study method, with the categorization contained on the table of international patents classification (14,15) . With the search of combined keywords and classification categories, it was possible to safely define the parity and the correlation of the search terms in the study with the international coding, thus avoiding, for example, results duplicity or false-negative results in the targeted data retrieval.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

O perfil Brasileiro de propriedade intelectual em radiologia e diagnóstico por imagem em um contexto internacional, nos anos 2000-2009

et al. 2011

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OBJETIVO: Analisar a inovação tecnológica brasileira na área de radiologia e diagnóstico por imagem, em termos de indicadores de patentes. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo analítico-exploratório de informações recuperadas por meio de consultas cruzadas nas bases de dados dos escritórios de propriedade intelectual do Brasil (Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial - INPI), dos Estados Unidos (United States Patent and Trademark Office - USPTO) e da Europa (European Patent Office - EPO). RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas 277.057 patentes. Desse total, 7.800 foram registradas no INPI (3%), 65.428 (24%) registradas no EPO e 203.829 (73%) emitidas no USPTO. O Brasil é o país signatário em 1.732 patentes publicadas no INPI, 80 no EPO e 26 no escritório USPTO. Globalmente, 219.993 (79%) patentes referiam-se a dispositivos eletrônicos ligados a informática em saúde, ultrassonografia, ressonância magnética, tomografia computadorizada e procedimentos de geração, comunicação e arquivamento de imagens, e 57.064 (21%) das patentes tratavam das tecnologias relacionadas a radioproteção e dosimetria, física nuclear, eletroterapia, terapia magnética e radioterapia. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos apontam para a fragilidade da produção nacional de inovação tecnológica registrada em patentes, no campo de radiologia e diagnóstico por Imagem.

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“…The IPC, whose objective is the systematic indexing of patent documents, is the most effective tool for searching patents, being applied nowadays by a hundred countries and several international organizations. IPC code is attributed to approximately 95% of the two million patents published annually [21]. The second stage consisted of the analysis of the summaries of the patents obtained under the various IPC codes selected from the first step.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol: An Evaluation of its Scientific and Technological Development and Network of Players During the Period of 1995 to 2009

Perrone¹,

Appel²,

Lellis³

et al. 2010

Waste Biomass Valor

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Ethanol is being considered worldwide as a promising fuel and the reasons are twofold: a substantial rise in the price of oil and environmental, social and geographic issues. This study aims to present a scientific and technological evaluation of ethanol development during the period of 1995-2009. The scientific data was collected and processed using statistic tools available at the Web of Science Ò . Research on patents was made on Esp@cenet-the European Patent Office, and the results were processed using the Matheo Patent Analyzer program. The US and Brazil are the two largest world producers and therefore, corn and sugarcane are the most used feedstocks. There has been a significant increase in the number of scientific publications and patents since 1995. However, since 2001 this growth has skyrocketed, with an almost ten-fold increase in the number of scientific publications and a fivefold increase in the number of patents. When different raw materials for fuel ethanol production were evaluated, it was found that the greatest interest lay in the use of wood residues, corn (stover) and sugarcane (bagasse), demonstrating that there is a strong interest in second generation ethanol, i.e., cellulosic ethanol. The evaluation of patent documents showed that most of the applicants (88%) are of two kinds: biotechnology companies and companies that produce enzymes, corroborating the scientific consensus that the enzymatic hydrolysis step and the fermentation process (hexoses and pentoses) are the two bottlenecks to the development of cellulosic ethanol technology.

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The process of reforming the International Patent Classification

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Nondestructive Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using a Linear Quadrupole Ion Trap Coupled to a Linear Electrostatic Ion Trap

Nondestructive Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using a Linear Quadrupole Ion Trap Coupled to a Linear Electrostatic Ion Trap

O perfil Brasileiro de propriedade intelectual em radiologia e diagnóstico por imagem em um contexto internacional, nos anos 2000-2009

Ethanol: An Evaluation of its Scientific and Technological Development and Network of Players During the Period of 1995 to 2009

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