The Primitive Wrist of
            <i>Homo floresiensis</i>
            and Its Implications for Hominin Evolution

Tocheri, Matthew W.; Orr, Caley M.; Larson, Susan G.; Sutikna, Thomas; Jatmiko, Jatmiko; Saptomo, E. Wahyu; Due, Rokus Awe; Djubiantono, Tony; Morwood, Michael J; Jungers, William L.

doi:10.1126/science.1147143

Cited by 185 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(22 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

166

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Studies of the postcranial skeleton of LB1 show that the forelimb is primitive with respect to modern humans in the carpals (10) and humerus (9,30), and tend to support the evolution of H. floresiensis from H. erectus or an earlier taxon. Other than a partial lunate from Zhoukoudian, no carpals are known from H. erectus, but the LB1 carpals are very similar in overall morphology to those of H. habilis and Australopithecus (10). With respect to other postcranial evidence, the low degree of humeral torsion in LB1 is similar to that seen in the Dmanisi hominins (33), KNM-WT15000 (9), and australopiths (9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Homo floresiensis cranium (LB1): Size, scaling, and early Homo affinities

Gordon

Nevell

Wood

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The skeletal remains of a diminutive small-brained hominin found in Late Pleistocene cave deposits on the island of Flores, Indonesia were assigned to a new species, Homo floresiensis [Brown P, et al. A dramatically different interpretation is that this material belongs not to a novel hominin taxon but to a population of small-bodied modern humans affected, or unaffected, by microcephaly. The debate has primarily focused on the size and shape of the endocranial cavity of the type specimen, LB1, with less attention being paid to the morphological evidence provided by the rest of the LB1 cranium and postcranium, and no study thus far has addressed the problem of how scaling would affect shape comparisons between a diminutive cranium like LB1 and the much larger crania of modern humans. We show that whether or not the effects of its small cranial size are accounted for, the external cranial morphology of the LB1 cranium cannot be accommodated within a large global sample of normal modern human crania. Instead, the shape of LB1, which is shown by multivariate analysis to differ significantly from that of modern humans, is similar to that of Homo erectus sensu lato, and, to a lesser extent, Homo habilis. Our results are consistent with hypotheses that suggest the Liang Bua specimens represent a diminutive population closely related to either early H. erectus s. l. from East Africa and/or Dmanisi or to H. habilis.allometry ͉ hominin phylogeny

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…M ost studies that have addressed the taxonomic affinities of the Liang Bua hominin material have focused on the size and morphology of the endocranial cavity of LB1 (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) and on the postcranium, particularly the forelimb (9,10). Relatively little analysis has addressed the external morphology of the skull and dentition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Homo floresiensis cranium (LB1): Size, scaling, and early Homo affinities

Gordon

Nevell

Wood

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Computationally-derived models of shape may also be promising tools for the study of anthropology and paleontology. At the Smithsonian Institution, for example, Mathew Tocheri studies the form and function of primate hands and feet and their evolutionary relationships within the homonim clade [106]. Where previously Tocheri and colleagues have used traditional morphometric approaches, they are now acquiring CT scans of neandertal fossils for computationally-derived models.…”

Section: Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape Modeling and Analysis with Entropy-Based Particle Systems

Cates

Fletcher

Styner

et al. 2007

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

137

224

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many important fields of basic research in medicine and biology routinely employ tools for the statistical analysis of collections of similar shapes. Biologists, for example, have long relied on homologous, anatomical landmarks as shape models to characterize the growth and development of species. Increasingly, however, researchers are exploring the use of more detailed models that are derived computationally from three-dimensional images and surface descriptions. While computationally-derived models of shape are promising new tools for biomedical research, they also present some significant engineering challenges, which existing modeling methods have only begun to address.In this dissertation, I propose a new computational framework for statistical shape modeling that significantly advances the state-of-the-art by overcoming many of the limitations of existing methods. The framework uses a particle-system representation of shape, with a fast correspondence-point optimization based on information content. The optimization balances the simplicity of the model (compactness) with the accuracy of the shape representations by using two commensurate entropy metrics and no free parameters. The idea is to maximize both the geometric accuracy and the statistical simplicity of the shape model, in accordance with the principle of parsimony in model selection. The nonparametric representation allows the method to be applied to a larger class of problems than existing methods, including nonspherical surfaces, open surfaces, and sets of multiple surfaces.The relative simplicity of the surface representation and the low number of free parameters results in a framework that is easy to use and can operate directly on image segmentations. In collaboration with scientists from several important areas of biomedicine, I have demonstrated that the proposed method is indeed an e↵ective tool for scientific research.The specific research contributions of this dissertation are as follows. First, I describe a mathematical framework and a robust numerical algorithm for computing optimized correspondence-point shape models using an entropy-based optimization and particle-system technology. Second, I develop a series of extensions of the framework to more general classes of shape analysis problems, including the analysis of multiple-object complexes, the generalization to correspondence based on generic functions of position, an extension to handle surfaces with open boundaries, and shape modeling with simple regression. Third, I describe the application of statistical hypothesis testing, regression analysis, and multiple-analysis of covariance to the proposed shape models. I also introduce new techniques for visualization and interpretation of these statistics. Finally, in cooperation with biomedical researchers, I present validation of the above research contributions by their successful application to real-world research problems.

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, the fact remains that no hominin with a brain size of ca 400 cm 3 has previously been associated with knapped stone tools of any kind, and there remains no doubt that H. floresiensis anatomy is distinct from that of known tool-making hominins, including in the shoulder, arm and wrist configurations [94][95][96]. While it remains possible that H. floresiensis dwarfed from an isolated Southeast Asian H. erectus population [81], cladistics analysis suggests an earlier, non-erectus origin for the species [97].…”

Section: Homo Floresiensis and Captivity Bias In Hominin Tool Usementioning

confidence: 99%

‘Captivity bias’ in animal tool use and its implications for the evolution of hominin technology

Haslam

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Animals in captive or laboratory settings may outperform wild animals of the same species in both frequency and diversity of tool use, a phenomenon here termed ‘captivity bias’. Although speculative at this stage, a logical conclusion from this concept is that animals whose tool-use behaviour is observed solely under natural conditions may be judged cognitively or physically inferior than if they had also been tested or observed under controlled captive conditions. In turn, this situation creates a potential problem for studies of the behaviour of extinct members of the human family tree—the hominins—as hominin cognitive abilities are often judged on material evidence of tool-use behaviour left in the archaeological record. In this review, potential factors contributing to captivity bias in primates (including increased contact between individuals engaged in tool use, guidance or shaping of tool-use behaviour by other tool-users and increased free time and energy) are identified and assessed for their possible effects on the behaviour of the Late Pleistocene hominin Homo floresiensis . The captivity bias concept provides one way to uncouple hominin tool use from cognition, by considering hominins as subject to the same adaptive influences as other tool-using animals.

show abstract

The Primitive Wrist of Homo floresiensis and Its Implications for Hominin Evolution

Abstract: Science (print ISSN 0036-8075; online ISSN 1095-9203) is published weekly, except the last week in December, by the

Cited by 185 publications

References 25 publications

The Homo floresiensis cranium (LB1): Size, scaling, and early Homo affinities

The Homo floresiensis cranium (LB1): Size, scaling, and early Homo affinities

Shape Modeling and Analysis with Entropy-Based Particle Systems

‘Captivity bias’ in animal tool use and its implications for the evolution of hominin technology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About