The prevalence of, and risk factors for, mycoplasma genitalium infection among infertile women in Ibadan: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: The association of mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) with infertility has been documented. The infections are asymptomatic and difficult to diagnose. Understanding the associated risk factors will help in facilitating better screening measures for at-risk groups. Objective: The aim was to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, M. genitalium infection among infertile women in Ibadan. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 402 women (267 infertile and 135 fertile) referred to 2 hospitals in Ibadan between March and November 2015 were enrolled. Information was obtained, using structured questionnaire, on sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of the respondents while endocervical swabs were obtained for detection of M. genitalium. MgPa gene was diagnosed using the conventional Polymerase chain reaction. Bands corresponding to 495kb were documented as positive for M. genitalium. Results: Among the infertile women, 43 (16.1%) had evidence of M. genitalium infection as against 3 (2.2%) of women without infertility (p<0.001). Associated risk factors included having more than one lifetime sexual partner (OR=10.13, 95% CI: 3.76-33.97); husbands having other sexual partners (OR=12.88, 95% CI: 2.08-90.63); being a serial monogamist (OR=6, 95% CI: 4.35-8.27) and low socioeconomic status (OR=2.80, 95% CI: 1.28-6.10). No relationship exists between the previous history of sexually transmitted infections and M. genitalium. Conclusion: The risk factors for M. genitalium infection are similar to those peculiar to other sexually transmitted infections. Its routine screening should be incorporated into the current protocol for microbiological evaluation of infertile women.

The prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis in Outpatients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in East India

“…Of the 22 women with M. hominis infection, 14 (63.6%, Table 1) had low socioeconomic status. Like other STDs, mycoplasma infection is also more common among women of lower socioeconomic strata [29]. However, we must also consider the fact that most of the participants (56/110, 51%) were in the low socioeconomic group and there was not much difference in the prevalence of M. hominis among the different socioeconomic groups (Table 1).…”

Consequences of Direct Transfer to Fresh Water on the Blood Variables of Sarotherodon melanotheron (Rüppell, 1852)

“…The differential counts namely monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes increased to a large extent as observed in this study, this support the findings of Ginling et al, [27] in green back flounder (Rhombosulea tapirina) exposed to fresh water. The increased observed may be due to release of more of the white cells to combat the stressor [28] .…”

Mycoplasma genitalium infection in the female reproductive system: Diseases and treatment

“…In vitro and animal experiments have shown that M. genitalium infection can cause tubal cilia swelling, shedding ( Baczynska et al, 2007 ), and hydrosalpinx ( McGowin et al, 2010 ). Another study reported 16.1 and 2.2% positivity for M. genitalium in cervical swabs from infertile and normal women, respectively ( Ajani et al, 2017 ). This is in agreement with the results of a Polish study on M. genitalium (19.9 and 4.4%, respectively; Grzesko et al, 2009 ), which found that the detection rate of M. genitalium in abdominal fluid samples collected by laparoscopy was 5.88 and 0% in infertile and control women, respectively ( Grzesko et al, 2009 ), similar to the results of an Indian study (6.1 and 0.6%; Rekha et al, 2019 ).…”