The potential of exosomes in the therapy of the cartilage and bone complications; emphasis on osteoarthritis

Pourakbari, Ramin; Khodadadi, Meysam; Aghebati‐Maleki, Ali; Yousefi, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116861

Cited by 51 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Chen et al demonstrated that exosomal DMBT1 from human urine-derived stem cells facilitates diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis [32]. Abundant data have demonstrated that ADSC exosomes contribute to myocardial, hepatic, renal, skin, and bone repair and neuroprotection [33][34][35][36][37]. Analyzing the protein contents of exosomes in ADSCs may help improve the understanding of their functional roles in tissue repair.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Tissue Injury

Xing

Han

Cheng

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Exosomes are extracellular membranous nanovesicles that mediate local and systemic cell-to-cell communication by transporting functional molecules, such as proteins, into target cells, thereby affecting the behavior of receptor cells. Exosomes originating from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are considered a multipotent and abundant therapeutic tool for tissue injury. To investigate ADSC-secreted exosomes and their potential function in tissue repair, we isolated exosomes from the supernatants of ADSCs via ultracentrifugation, characterized them via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot analysis. Then, we determined their protein profile via proteomic analysis. Results showed that extracellular vesicles, which have an average diameter of 116 nm, exhibit a cup-shaped morphology and express exosomal markers. A total of 1,185 protein groups were identified in the exosomes. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that exosomal proteins are mostly derived from cells mainly involved in protein binding. Protein annotation via the Cluster of Orthologous Groups system indicated that most proteins were involved in general function prediction, posttranslational modification, protein turnover, and chaperoning. Further, pathway analysis revealed that most of the proteins obtained participated in metabolic pathways, focal adhesion, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, and microbial metabolism. Some tissue repair-related signaling pathways were also discovered. The identified molecules might serve as potential therapeutic targets for future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Tissue Injury

Xing

Han

Cheng

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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“…Despite the critical effect in bone remolding, several studies have confirmed that BMSC-derived exosomes have the ability to reduce cartilage destruction and promote cartilage repair (Pourakbari et al, 2019). Osteoarthritis (OA) is a kind of rheumatic disease characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and osteophyte formation (Findlay and Kuliwaba, 2016), and previous research has suggested that bone marrow-derived MSCs could be applied to treating OA and cartilage lesions in animals and humans (Nejadnik et al, 2010;Xie et al, 2012).…”

Section: Bmsc-derived Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Bone-Derived Exosomes in Regulating Skeletal Metabolism and Extraosseous Diseases

Lyu

Xiao

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Bone-derived exosomes are naturally existing nano-sized extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, such as bone marrow stromal cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes, containing multifarious proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Accumulating evidence indicates that bone-derived exosomes are involved in the regulation of skeletal metabolism and extraosseous diseases through modulating intercellular communication and the transfer of materials. Following the development of research, we found that exosomes can be considered as a potential candidate as a drug delivery carrier thanks to its ability to transport molecules into targeted cells with high stability, safety, and efficiency. This review aims to discuss the emerging role of bone-derived exosomes in skeletal metabolism and extraosseous diseases as well as their potential role as candidate biomarkers or for developing new therapeutic strategies.

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“…Besides obesity, trauma and sports injuries, age is the main risk factors of OA. "It affects about 10% of men and 18% of women over the age of 60 (Pourakbari et al, 2019)". "OA is hallmarked by progressive articular cartilage loss, low-grade synovitis and alterations in the subchondral bone and periarticular tissues (Tofiño-Vian et al, 2018a)".…”

Section: Current Treatment Options Of Osteoarthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term yield/recovery defines the total amount of EVs obtained after isolation and several isolation methods are based to recover "the highest amount of extracellular material, despite its vesicular or non-vesicular nature, i.e., whole or near-whole concentrated secretome", meaning that also free proteins, ribonucleoproteins and lipoproteins can be present in the sample after the isolation process (Thery et al, 2018). On the other hand, Adapted from Thery et al (2006Thery et al ( , 2018 and Pourakbari et al (2019).…”

Section: Isolation and Characterization Of Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles – Silver Linings for Cartilage Regeneration?

Luna

Otahal

Nehrer

2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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As the world’s population is aging, the incidence of the degenerative disease Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing. Current treatment options of OA focus on the alleviation of the symptoms including pain and inflammation rather than on restoration of the articular cartilage. Cell-based therapies including the application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been a promising tool for cartilage regeneration approaches. Due to their immunomodulatory properties, their differentiation potential into cells of the mesodermal lineage as well as the plurality of sources from which they can be isolated, MSCs have been applied in a vast number of studies focusing on the establishment of new treatment options for Osteoarthritis. Despite promising outcomes in vitro and in vivo, applications of MSCs are connected with teratoma formation, limited lifespan of differentiated cells as well as rejection of the cells after transplantation, highlighting the need for new cell free approaches harboring the beneficial properties of MSCs. It has been demonstrated that the regenerative potential of MSCs is mediated by the release of paracrine factors rather than by differentiation into cells of the desired tissue. Besides soluble factors, extracellular vesicles are the major component of a cell’s secretome. They represent novel mechanisms by which (pathogenic) signals can be communicated between cell types as they deliver bioactive molecules (nucleic acids, proteins, lipids) from the cell of origin to the target cell leading to specific biological processes upon uptake. This review will give an overview about extracellular vesicles including general characteristics, isolation methods and characterization approaches. Furthermore, the role of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles in in vitro and in vivo studies for cartilage regeneration will be summarized with special focus on transported miRNA which either favored the progression of OA or protected the cartilage from degradation. In addition, studies will be reviewed investigating the impact of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles on inflammatory arthritis. As extracellular vesicles are present in all body fluids, their application as potential biomarkers for OA will also be discussed in this review. Finally, studies exploring the combination of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles with biomaterials for tissue engineering approaches are summarized.

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The potential of exosomes in the therapy of the cartilage and bone complications; emphasis on osteoarthritis

Cited by 51 publications

References 91 publications

Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Tissue Injury

Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Tissue Injury

The Role of Bone-Derived Exosomes in Regulating Skeletal Metabolism and Extraosseous Diseases

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles – Silver Linings for Cartilage Regeneration?

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