The Planum Temporale

Galaburda, Albert M.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1993.00540050011007

Cited by 47 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The current study met the criteria for MRI investigations of the planum temporale suggested by Galaburda (38). We used a technique that in our hands demonstrates validity in showing the presence of the expected left-greater-than-right surface area asymmetry in dextral normal subjects (18).…”

Section: Total Brainmentioning

confidence: 82%

Planum temporale asymmetry reversal in schizophrenia: replication and relationship to gray matter abnormalities

Barta

Pearlson

Brill³

et al. 1997

AJP

178

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I nvestigators studying the brains of schizophrenic patients have paid particular attention to limbic (mesial) temporal regions, following clinical observations of symptomatic schizophrenias (1). Neuropathologic examinations (2) and, later, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies (3-5) showed temporal limbic abnormalities, including smaller than normal amygdala, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and parahippocampal gyrus.More recently, investigators have also studied the lateral temporal neocortex, which to a large extent is anatomically and functionally separate from mesial temporal structures. One neocortical region, the superior temporal gyrus, has been most often assessed, initially on the basis of physiologic observations (6). We (3) first noted low volume of the anterior superior temporal gyrus, associated with the severity of auditory hallucinations. Shenton et al. (4) reported low volume of the posterior superior temporal gyrus gray matter, associated with severity of thought disorder. Certain of these findings were later replicated (e.g., references 7 and 8), although not universally (9), and supported by related functional studies (10-12).The planum temporale is a portion of the surface of the posterior superior temporal gyrus. It has interested schizophrenia researchers for several reasons. These include evidence of abnormalities of language (13), electrophysiology, and brain asymmetries (14-16) associated with schizophrenia. To our knowledge, there has been only one neuropathologic study of the planum temporale that compared schizophrenic patients and a normal comparison group (17). This assessed both surface areas and volumes, indicating reversed asymmetry

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Section: Total Brainmentioning

confidence: 82%

Planum temporale asymmetry reversal in schizophrenia: replication and relationship to gray matter abnormalities

Barta

Pearlson

Brill³

et al. 1997

AJP

178

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“…However, this region has important impact for language processing [141]. A majority of studies indicate a leftward morphological asymmetry of Broca's area, and this is underlined by findings showing associations between lateralized speech perception and asymmetry of the planum temporale [142,[147][148][149]. However, the majority of studies showed left-sided asymmetry of the Broca's area in right-handed subjects [150], and only a few studies reported left-sided asymmetry of Broca's area in left and right-handed subjects [151,152].…”

Section: Structural Asymmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Functional and Structural Asymmetry as Biomarker for Schizophrenia

Oertel-Knöchel¹,

Knöchel²,

Stäblein³

et al. 2012

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

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The hemispheres of the human brain are anatomically and functionally asymmetric. Many cognitive and motor functions such as language and handedness are lateralized. In this review, we discuss the principles of laterality and brain asymmetry in relation to schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is one of the most disabling forms of mental illness. One important challenge is to develop and set up biological markers, which can accurately identify at-risk individuals in preclinical stages and thus improve the effects of early intervention strategies. The concept of hemispheric laterality plays a central role in current neuropsychological and pathophysiological models of schizophrenia. Recent research reflects an increasing interest in the molecular and population genetics of laterality and its potential use as biological marker for the illness. The review is an overview of literature from the 1990's on cerebral asymmetry in schizophrenia. We critically discuss the use of cerebral asymmetry for biomarker research, regarding diagnosis improvements, the improvement of psychopharmacology and the prediction of conversion in at-risk individuals. We propose that abnormal cerebral asymmetry is an attractive biomarker candidate for schizophrenia that could index changes in a range of pathophysiological pathways.

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“…This protocol was used for delineating and measuring the PT and HG because the coronal plane offers excellent visualization of PT, including direct assessment of the full depth of the sylvian fossa. 38 To assess the whole-brain volume, we obtained MRI images in an axial series of contiguous double-echo images (proton density and T 2 weight). The imaging parameters for this protocol were as follows: time to repeat, 3000 milliseconds; echo time, 30 and 80 milliseconds; 24-cm field of view; and an interleaved acquisition with 3-mm slice thickness.…”

Section: Mri Image Acquisition and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left Planum Temporale Volume Reduction in Schizophrenia

Kwon¹,

McCarley²,

Hirayasu³

et al. 1999

Arch Gen Psychiatry

169

105

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Background:The planum temporale, located on the posterior and superior surface of the temporal lobe, is a brain region thought to be a biological substrate of language and possibly implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. To investigate further the role of planum temporale abnormalities in schizophrenia, we measured gray matter volume underlying the planum temporale from high spatial resolution magnetic resonance imaging techniques.

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The Planum Temporale

Cited by 47 publications

References 8 publications

Planum temporale asymmetry reversal in schizophrenia: replication and relationship to gray matter abnormalities

Planum temporale asymmetry reversal in schizophrenia: replication and relationship to gray matter abnormalities

Abnormal Functional and Structural Asymmetry as Biomarker for Schizophrenia

Left Planum Temporale Volume Reduction in Schizophrenia

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