The physics of a coflow micro-extractor: Interface stability and optimal extraction length

Berthier, Jean; Tran, V.-M.; Mittler, Frédérique; Sarrut, N.

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2008.10.005

Cited by 35 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…1,3,4 Another recent trend is to use hydrophobic ducts 29 through which an organic phase may be separated (somewhat similar to a hydrophobic membrane, but with larger pores and in fewer number), or to stabilize the interface of two contacting phases with the use of micropillars. 30 These two last approaches avoid the use of a hydrophobic membrane, and as reported by Castell et al, 29 small solids in suspension (2 μm size) 29 can be handled more easily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Continuous Hydrolysis and Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Intermediate Using a Miniscale Hydrophobic Membrane Separator

Cervera-Padrell

Morthensen

Lewandowski

et al. 2012

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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Continuous hydrolysis of an active pharmaceutical ingredient intermediate, and subsequent liquid−liquid (L-L) separation of the resulting organic and aqueous phases, have been achieved using a simple PTFE tube reactor connected to a miniscale hydrophobic membrane separator. An alkoxide product, obtained in continuous mode by a Grignard reaction in THF, reacted with acidic water to produce partially miscible organic and aqueous phases containing Mg salts. Despite the partial THF− water miscibility, the two phases could be separated at total flow rates up to 40 mL/min at different flow ratios, using a PTFE membrane with 28 cm 2 of active area. A less challenging separation of water and toluene was achieved at total flow rates as high as 80 mL/min, with potential to achieve even higher flow rates. The operability and flexibility of the membrane separator and a plate coalescer were compared experimentally as well as from a physical viewpoint. Surface tension-driven L-L separation was analyzed in general terms, critically evaluating different designs. It was shown that microporous membrane L-L separation can offer very large operating windows compared to other separation devices thanks to a high capillary pressure (Laplace pressure) combined with a large number of pores per unit area offering low pressure drop. The separation device can easily be operated by means of a back-pressure regulator ensuring flow-independent separation efficiency. Simple monitoring and control strategies as well as scaling-up/out approaches are proposed, concluding that membrane-based L-L separation may become a standard unit operation for continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Continuous Hydrolysis and Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Intermediate Using a Miniscale Hydrophobic Membrane Separator

Cervera-Padrell

Morthensen

Lewandowski

et al. 2012

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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“…The results were presented in our previous work [9] with R s = 1 for an uninterrupted interface. In all other cases, the R s value is 0.22, Q 1 = 0.6 µl min −1 , D = 10 −9 m 2 s −1 and R s,eq receives the values of 0.75 for an ideally thin membrane, 0.52 for lozenges, 0.49 for a thick membrane, 0.43 for circles and 0.28 for square pillars.…”

Section: Extraction Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 96%

A micro-extractor for concentration and determination of lead in water

Man

Ozil

Sarrut

2011

Adv. Nat. Sci: Nanosci. Nanotechnol.

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In this work, we present the design, fabrication and characterization of a novel micro-extractor that performs on-line extraction–concentration–detection (ECD) of target molecules flowing in a carrier liquid. The system comprises a primary microchannel containing a flowing aqueous carrier liquid and a secondary organic storage fluid circulating in an adjacent channel. The interfaces between the two immiscible fluids are stabilized by vertical micro-pillars. The system encompasses three functions: (i) extraction of the target molecules from the carrier fluid through the pillar-stabilized interfaces, (ii) concentration of the targets in the secondary organic solvent due to its very low—or zero—velocity and (iii) on-line detection via optical spectrometry. We successively present the analysis of the physics of the system, which has led us to a specific design, then the microfabrication of the chip, and finally we demonstrate the extraction, concentration and detection of lead ions (Pb 2+) from a water flow.

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“…This interface stability is determined by the balance of the Laplace pressure and the hydrodynamic pressure difference between the two phases ( Fig. 1c) [17,18], which relates to the geometry of the microchannels, interfacial tension between the two phases, and the interaction of the two phases with the microchannel walls (detailed derivations were provided in section 3 of the supplementary information). Previously, various strategies have been explored to stabilize the two-phase interface during Fig.…”

Section: Atpm Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…d Branch-connection length design patterns with n (n= 1,2,3…) co-flow runs. e Schematic illustration of the ATPM-based microextraction procedure liquid-liquid extraction in parallel flow, including placement of membranes [19] or microstructures between two phases [18,20], partial surface fictionalization [21,22], and the use of surfactants [23]. Although these strategies were effective in stabilizing the liquid-liquid interface, their uses have been shown to bring about such disadvantages as reducing the extraction rate or increasing fabrication difficulty.…”

Section: Atpm Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction of bisphenol A using ionic liquid for high-performance liquid chromatography analysis

Qı

Wang

et al. 2015

Anal Bioanal Chem

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An aqueous two-phase microfluidics (ATPM) method suitable for selective extraction of bisphenol A (BPA) in aqueous samples was developed, and a functional ionic liquid of N, N, N-trioctyl ammonium propionate (TOAP) was specially employed for the formation of a parallel flow system. Based on the analytical model, we optimized the chip design into branch-connection length pattern to achieve maximum extraction efficiency (φ max) and ensure phase separation. In combining the design flexibility and ideal reaction activity of extractant (TOAP), the developed ATPM enabled a selective and effective extraction of BPA (φ max of 95% within 2 s) from phenol derivatives. Meanwhile, the total operation time and ionic liquid consumption of the microfluidic extraction were only 2.5 min and 5 μl, respectively. The ATPM can be run at normal pH and room temperature and showed no interferences from components found in tap or beach water. To be noted, this specific extraction system was applied in real water samples; the recoveries of standard addition for all water samples spiked with BPA were from 96 to 110%. Finally, successful reuse of the chip was also realized. In all cases, the developed microfluidic chip was proven to be useful as an effective and low consumption approach in extracting BPA and should be expanded as a "green" preparative method for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis.

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The physics of a coflow micro-extractor: Interface stability and optimal extraction length

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Continuous Hydrolysis and Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Intermediate Using a Miniscale Hydrophobic Membrane Separator

Continuous Hydrolysis and Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Intermediate Using a Miniscale Hydrophobic Membrane Separator

A micro-extractor for concentration and determination of lead in water

Microfluidic aqueous two-phase extraction of bisphenol A using ionic liquid for high-performance liquid chromatography analysis

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