The permeability to plasma proteins of the peritoneal blood vessels of the mouse, and the effect of substances that alter permeability

Abstract

PERITONms is associated with the accumulation of plasma protein in the peritoneal cavity, and a study is being made of the significance of this protein in the defence against bacterial infection. The accumulation of plasma protein in the peritoneal cavity can be measured by a method involving labelling the circulating plasma protein with Evans blue: this method for studying the permeability of the peritoneal vascular bed has the advantage that it can be used for investigating conditions ranging from approximate normality to severe inflammation, the mechanism of inflammation and the mode of action of antiinflammatory compounds. h4ATERUI.s AND m o mA n i d . Adult mice weighing 25-30 g. were used in these experiments as they gave more consistent respoases than smaller animals; the results quoted were obtained with male mice, but female mice were equally suitable. The animals were fed on a cube diet and allowed drinking water ad libitum, except that for 12 hr prior to the test food was withheld, and during the test both food and water were withheld.Procehre. The mice were arranged in groups of 12; unless otherwise stated in the text, the procedure was as follows. Each mouse received 4 ml. of 0.9 per cent. sodium chloride solution at 38°C. intraperitoneally through a hebore needle inserted in the ventral abdominal surface, and within the next 30 sec. 0-2 ml. of a 0-5 per cent. solution of Evans blue in saline via a lateral tail vein. After 1 hr the peritoneal fluid was withdrawn from each animal through a widebore needle and centrifuged at once, and the optical extinction of the Supernatant was measured in a Klett Summerson model 800-3 photophotometer using a green filter and a saline blank. In earlier experiments the optical extinction was measured with a Beckman model DU spectrophotometer at 615 mp against a saline blank, but subsequent experience showed that equally reliable results were obtained with photophotometry, so the latter was employed for most of this work.Culculation of the results. The mean optical extinction for each group was calculated, together with the standard deviation of the mean, and the mean expressed as a percentage of the value obtained with the control group. This is referred to as the mean per cent. optical extinction. Where a compound was tested for antiinflammatory activity it was administered in a range of doses or concentrations and a graph plotted of the mean per cent. optical extinction against the dose or concentration. From this graph the dose or concentration corresponding to a mean per cent. optical extinction of 50 per cent. m a y be found, and this is termed the ED50 dose or concentration.Substances that reduce the dye accumulation due to intraperitoneal injection of suline are said to show inhibitory activity. h PATH. BAcT.--voL. 85 (1963) 361 362 B. J. NORTHOVER Substances used. Saline is 0.9 per cent. sodium chloride in freshly distilled water. The Tyrode solution contained NaClO.8 per cent., KCl 0.02 per cent., CaCl2 0.02 per cent., Mfl2 0.01 per cent., NaHCO3 0.1 per cent...

Loss of Mesothelial Electronegative Fixed Charges during Murine Septic Peritonitis

“…Peritonitis is associated with the accumulation of plasma proteins in the abdominal cavity [1,2], Losses of proteins in the dialysate effluent of patients treated by means of peritoneal dialysis are substantially increased during episodes of peritonitis [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. This increased peri toneal permeability to anionic plasma proteins, the path ophysiology of which has not yet been clearly elucidated, occurs without parallel changes on peritoneal clearances of small solutes like urea (uncharged) and creatinine (cationic).…”

Antinociceptive effects of the essential oil of Croton zehntneri in mice

“…This agrees with the hypothesis of a central mechanism as the major causative factor for EOCz induction of antinociceptive effects. On the other hand, contortions induced by intraperitoneal injections of acetic acid are said to originate from the pain of inflammation mediated by prostaglandins (15)(16)(17). Experiments not included in the results of this study showed that 300 mg/kg EOCz did not alter mouse motor performance in the rotorod test.…”

EFFECT OF INDOMETHACIN AND RELATED DRUGS ON THE CALCIUM ION‐DEPENDENT SECRETION OF LYSOSOMAL AND OTHER ENZYMES BY NEUTROPHIL POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTES In vitro

“…This is made more probable by the fact that phenylacetate and gentisate, non-antiinflammatory analogues of indomethacin and salicylate respectively (Northover, 1963;1964;Durant, Smith, Spickett & Szarvasi, 1965) (Rajan, 1966;Andrews & Phelps, 1971;Oronsky, Ignarro & Perper, 1973;Weissmann, 1973;Wright & Malawista, 1973;Hawkins, 1974;Ignarro, 1974a;Perper & Oronsky, 1974;Ackerman & Beebe, 1975;Goldstein, 1975;Lewis & Day, 1975;Malawista, 1975;Oronsky & Perper, 1975). As noted previously, stimulus-secretion coupling mechanisms may vary with the nature of the stimulus involved, and consequently may vary in their capability of being inhibited by drugs.…”