The performance of the local lymph node assay with chemicals identified as contact allergens in the human maximization test

Expression of surface markers on the human monocytic leukaemia cell line, THP‐1, as indicators for the sensitizing potential of chemicals

“…It has been reported that benzocaine shows equivocal skin‐sensitizing activity (23). Benzocaine showed augmentation just over the criterion in this study as well.…”

Expression of surface markers on the human monocytic leukaemia cell line, THP‐1, as indicators for the sensitizing potential of chemicals

“…It has been reported that benzocaine shows equivocal skin‐sensitizing activity (23). Benzocaine showed augmentation just over the criterion in this study as well.…”

Peptide-Binding Assessment Using Mass Spectrometry as a New Screening Method for Skin Sensitization

“…Sensitizing activity (Ashby et al, 1995;Basketter and Schole, 1992;Basketter et al, 1994;Hayes et al, 1998;Kimber and Basketter, 1992;Klecak et al, 1977;Magnusson and Kligman, 1969;Wahlberg and Boman, 1985) or our unpublished data. +: Positive, −: Negative.…”

Proposal for a risk assessment methodology for skin sensitization based on sensitization potency data

“…A stimulation index (SI) of 3 or higher is used to differentiate sensitizers from non-sensitizers. This procedure shows good agreement with classical guinea-pig test results and human experience studies (Basketter and Scholes, 1992;Basketter et al, 1994;Haneke et al, 2001;Van Och et al, 2001). In the LLNA, the sensitizing potency is expressed as the EC3 value, which is the effective concentration of a chemical (percent of chemical in vehicle) required to produce a 3-fold (i.e., threshold level) increase in the proliferation of lymph node cells compared to vehicletreated controls.…”

Expression of surface markers on the human monocytic leukaemia cell line, THP‐1, as indicators for the sensitizing potential of chemicals

“…It has been reported that benzocaine shows equivocal skin‐sensitizing activity (23). Benzocaine showed augmentation just over the criterion in this study as well.…”

Peptide-Binding Assessment Using Mass Spectrometry as a New Screening Method for Skin Sensitization

“…Sensitizing activity (Ashby et al, 1995;Basketter and Schole, 1992;Basketter et al, 1994;Hayes et al, 1998;Kimber and Basketter, 1992;Klecak et al, 1977;Magnusson and Kligman, 1969;Wahlberg and Boman, 1985) or our unpublished data. +: Positive, −: Negative.…”

Proposal for a risk assessment methodology for skin sensitization based on sensitization potency data

“…A stimulation index (SI) of 3 or higher is used to differentiate sensitizers from non-sensitizers. This procedure shows good agreement with classical guinea-pig test results and human experience studies (Basketter and Scholes, 1992;Basketter et al, 1994;Haneke et al, 2001;Van Och et al, 2001). In the LLNA, the sensitizing potency is expressed as the EC3 value, which is the effective concentration of a chemical (percent of chemical in vehicle) required to produce a 3-fold (i.e., threshold level) increase in the proliferation of lymph node cells compared to vehicletreated controls.…”

Expression of surface markers on the human monocytic leukaemia cell line, THP‐1, as indicators for the sensitizing potential of chemicals

“…It has been reported that benzocaine shows equivocal skin‐sensitizing activity (23). Benzocaine showed augmentation just over the criterion in this study as well.…”

Peptide-Binding Assessment Using Mass Spectrometry as a New Screening Method for Skin Sensitization

“…Sensitizing activity (Ashby et al, 1995;Basketter and Schole, 1992;Basketter et al, 1994;Hayes et al, 1998;Kimber and Basketter, 1992;Klecak et al, 1977;Magnusson and Kligman, 1969;Wahlberg and Boman, 1985) or our unpublished data. +: Positive, −: Negative.…”

Proposal for a risk assessment methodology for skin sensitization based on sensitization potency data

“…A stimulation index (SI) of 3 or higher is used to differentiate sensitizers from non-sensitizers. This procedure shows good agreement with classical guinea-pig test results and human experience studies (Basketter and Scholes, 1992;Basketter et al, 1994;Haneke et al, 2001;Van Och et al, 2001). In the LLNA, the sensitizing potency is expressed as the EC3 value, which is the effective concentration of a chemical (percent of chemical in vehicle) required to produce a 3-fold (i.e., threshold level) increase in the proliferation of lymph node cells compared to vehicletreated controls.…”