The past, present and future of heterogeneous catalysis

Fechete, Ioana; Wang, Ye; Védrine, J.C.

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2012.04.003

Cited by 344 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 379 publications

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“…Considerable efforts have been dedicated to developing non-PGM materials that can catalyze these three reactions, but the task has turned out to be very difficult and a practical solution has not been found [11,12]. A catalyst which does not use PGMs called "Noxicat™" has been recently developed, but it is designed mainly for the abatement of NO x in diesel engines.…”

Section: Pollution Removal From Combustion Engines By Means Of Catalymentioning

confidence: 99%

Precious Metals in Automotive Technology: An Unsolvable Depletion Problem?

Bardi

Caporali

2014

Minerals

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Abstract:Since the second half of the 20th century, various devices have been developed in order to reduce the emissions of harmful substances at the exhaust pipe of combustion engines. In the automotive field, the most diffuse and best known device of this kind is the "three way" catalytic converter for engines using the Otto cycle designed to abate the emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and unburnt hydrocarbons. These catalytic converters can function only by means of precious metals (mainly platinum, rhodium and palladium) which exist in a limited supply in economically exploitable ores. The recent increase in prices of all mineral commodities is already making these converters significantly expensive and it is not impossible that the progressive depletion of precious metals will make them too expensive for the market of private cars. The present paper examines how this potential scarcity could affect the technology of road transportation worldwide. We argue that the supply of precious metals for automotive converters is not at risk in the short term, but that in the future it will not be possible to continue using this technology as a result of increasing prices generated by progressive depletion. Mitigation methods such as reducing the amounts of precious metals in catalysts, or recycling them can help but cannot be considered as a definitive solution. We argue that precious metal scarcity is a critical factor that may determine the future development of road transportation in the world. As the problem is basically unsolvable in the long run, we must OPEN ACCESSMinerals 2014, 4 389 explore new technologies for road transportation and we conclude that it is likely that the clean engine of the future will be electric and powered by batteries.

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Section: Pollution Removal From Combustion Engines By Means Of Catalymentioning

confidence: 99%

Precious Metals in Automotive Technology: An Unsolvable Depletion Problem?

Bardi

Caporali

2014

Minerals

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“…Os processos de reforma para produção de gás de síntese (mistura gasosa formada principalmente por H2 e CO) ocorrem a altas temperaturas, entre 600 e 900 °C, levando à necessidade do desenvolvimento de catalisadores mais resistentes frente aos agentes que provocam sua desativação e envenenamento, como por exemplo, o coque (FECHETE et al, 2012. Exemplo destes processos é a reforma a seco (RS) do CH4, com reação global indicada na Equação 1).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Síntese De Catalisadores De Níquel Suportados Em Si-MCM-41 a Partir De Diferentes Fontes De Sílica E Sua Aplicação No Processo De Reforma a Seco Do Metano Para Produção De Gás De Síntese

Aguiar

Schaffner²,

Fortes³

et al. 2018

R. bras. Ener. Renov.

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(Setor Palotina) Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jardim Dallas, Palotina -Paraná -Brasil ResumoA produção de gás de síntese (CO + H2) por meio da reforma a seco do metano (RS) chama a atenção por utilizar dois gases de efeito estufa (CH4 e CO2). Os catalisadores heterogêneos são fundamentais para o desempenho da reação, com suportes que devem apresentar estabilidade mecânica e alta área específica A peneira molecular Si-MCM-41 tem despertado interesse quanto a essas características e dentre os reagentes para sua síntese está a fonte de sílica, geralmente sintética, que pode ser substituída por uma fonte alternativa, como o resíduo agroindustrial cinza de casca de arroz (CCA), dando-lhe um aproveitamento sustentável e reduzindo custos do processo. Neste trabalho Si-MCM-41 sintetizada a partir de diferentes fontes de sílica foi avaliada como suporte de catalisadores de níquel em reação RS para produção de gás de síntese. Os suportes foram sintetizados utilizando como fonte de sílica

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“…Approximately ninety percent of chemical processes utilize heterogeneous catalysts and the value created by utilizing catalysts is approximately three orders of magnitude higher than the amount invested in them (Czaja et al 2009, Fechete et al 2012. Moreover, morphology, size and selectivity of the catalysts are the essential considerations for almost all the industrial catalytic processes and are usually accomplished by employing polymetallic catalysts of nano porous structures (Gomez and Tigli 2013, Guo et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Catalysis

2008

Catalysis

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The past, present and future of heterogeneous catalysis

Cited by 344 publications

References 379 publications

Precious Metals in Automotive Technology: An Unsolvable Depletion Problem?

Precious Metals in Automotive Technology: An Unsolvable Depletion Problem?

Síntese De Catalisadores De Níquel Suportados Em Si-MCM-41 a Partir De Diferentes Fontes De Sílica E Sua Aplicação No Processo De Reforma a Seco Do Metano Para Produção De Gás De Síntese

Heterogeneous Catalysis

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