The pandemic pipeline

Hodgson, John

doi:10.1038/d41587-020-00005-z

Cited by 129 publications

(130 citation statements)

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“…Moderna Therapeutics, in collaboration with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, announced that it launched a phase I trial of the mRNA-1273. The mRNA-1273 vaccine is a novel lipid nanoparticle encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes for the prefusion stabilized form of the spike protein [93]. The prefusion form refers to the spatial conformation of the spike protein before it binds to ACE2.…”

Section: Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Therapeutics and Their Toxicities

et al. 2020

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SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that emerged in 2019 and is causing the COVID-19 pandemic. There is no current standard of care. Clinicians need to be mindful of the toxicity of a wide variety of possibly unfamiliar substances being tested or repurposed to treat COVID-19. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has provided emergency authorization for the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. These two medications may precipitate ventricular dysrhythmias, necessitating cardiac and electrolyte monitoring, and in severe cases, treatment with epinephrine and high-doses of diazepam. Recombinant protein therapeutics may cause serum sickness or immune complex deposition. Nucleic acid vaccines may introduce mutations into the human genome. ACE inhibitors and ibuprofen have been suggested to exacerbate the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Here, we review the use, mechanism of action, and toxicity of proposed COVID-19 therapeutics.

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Section: Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Therapeutics and Their Toxicities

et al. 2020

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“…Although inactivated viruses, DNA and viral vector-based vaccines have been tested for SARS and MERS coronavirus in clinical trials, other vaccine platforms are yet to be tested. An mRNA-based vaccine, a relatively recent technology, is being tested for COVID-19 in phase I clinical trials [128] with other companies starting clinical trials soon as of April 11 of the year of this publication [129]. Due to the relatively new emergence of such vaccine platforms, their performance with coronavirus diseases is still to be known.…”

Section: Areas Of Opportunity In the Development Of Vaccines For Coromentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2: Lessons from Other Coronavirus Strains

2020

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The emergence of the strain of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) and its impact on global health have made imperative the development of effective and safe vaccines for this lethal strain. SARS-CoV-2 now adds to the list of coronavirus diseases that have threatened global health, along with the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) coronaviruses that emerged in 2002/2003 and 2012, respectively. As of April 2020, no vaccine is commercially available for these coronavirus strains. Nevertheless, the knowledge obtained from the vaccine development efforts for MERS and SARS can be of high value for COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). Here, we review the past and ongoing vaccine development efforts for clinically relevant coronavirus strains with the intention that this information helps in the development of effective and safe vaccines for COVID-19. In addition, information from naturally exposed individuals and animal models to coronavirus strains is described for the same purpose of helping into the development of effective vaccines against COVID-19. Key Summary PointsCurrent and past vaccine development efforts for SARS and MERS coronaviruses. Current vaccine development for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2).Correlates of protection and other immunologic features surrounding coronavirus strains. Implications for developing effective vaccines for clinically relevant coronaviruses.

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“…As demonstrated by current efforts to rapidly develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, EID presents a potentially ideal application for these technologies, most of which are still at early stages. 38 Vaccine technology platforms that prove successful as EID rapidresponse platforms could also be used for more commercially viable disease targets. 39 Efforts to define regulatory expectations and pathways will be needed, in addition to buy-in from regulators.…”

Section: Reduce Vaccine Development Timelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 and Future Epidemics and Pandemics: Applying Lessons from Past Outbreaks

et al. 2020

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The COVID-19 pandemic is a stark reminder of the heavy toll that emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) with epidemic and pandemic potential can inflict. Vaccine development, scale-up, and commercialization is a long, expensive, and risky enterprise that requires substantial upfront planning and offers no guarantee of success. EIDs are a particularly challenging target for global health preparedness, including for vaccine development. Insufficient attention has been given to challenges, lessons learned, and potential solutions to support and sustain vaccine industry engagement in vaccine development for EIDs. Drawing from lessons from the most recent Ebola epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as the 2009 H1N1 influenza, 2014-2016 Ebola, and 2015-16 Zika outbreaks preceding it, we offer our perspective on challenges facing EID vaccine development and recommend additional solutions to prioritize in the near term. The 6 recommendations focus on reducing vaccine development timelines and increasing business certainty to reduce risks for companies. The global health security community has an opportunity to build on the current momentum to design a sustainable model for EID vaccines.

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The pandemic pipeline

Cited by 129 publications

References 0 publications

COVID-19: Therapeutics and Their Toxicities

COVID-19: Therapeutics and Their Toxicities

Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2: Lessons from Other Coronavirus Strains

Developing Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 and Future Epidemics and Pandemics: Applying Lessons from Past Outbreaks

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