The Paired Electrochemical Synthesis of Gluconic Acid and Sorbitol

Abstract

Gluconic acid and sorbitol are obtained simultaneously both with 90% yields by paired electrolysis of glucose, with a Pb sheet cathode and a dimension stable anode (DSA) in a press filtration diaphragm cell. The anolyte is composed from 66.7% glucose and 2% NaBr, and the catholyte from 66.7% glucose and 2.5% Na2SO4, respectively. The electrolysis was performed at the temperature of 60 C, at the current density of 50 mA cm-2, Qr is 110%. At this optimum conditions the current efficiencies for both gluconic acid and sorbitol are higher than 80%.

Greening the Synthesis of Biorenewable Fuels and Chemicals by Stoichiometric Reagentless Organic Transformations

“…Pairing the electrocatalytic hydrogenation reaction with different anodic oxidation reactions makes the overall process more energy-efficient and cost-effective. , The oxidation of HMF to FDCA and reduction to BHMF have been paired using carbon-supported Ag nanoparticles (Ag/C) as the cathode catalyst, and carbon felt anode in a buffered solution (pH 9.2) . Glucose has been used as the substrate to form sorbitol and gluconic acid simultaneously in a paired electrolytic cell . The AE of the above processes are intrinsically high whereas E-factor is low since water is produced as the only byproduct.…”

“…230 Glucose has been used as the substrate to form sorbitol and gluconic acid simultaneously in a paired electrolytic cell. 231 The AE of the above processes are intrinsically high whereas Efactor is low since water is produced as the only byproduct. However, the energy efficiency, electrolyte, additives, and electrodes much be taken into the equation for deciding their green metrics.…”

A Divergent Paired Electrochemical Process for the Conversion of Furfural Using a Divided‐Cell Flow Microreactor

“…The best results were obtained with bromide salts (Table 2, entry 1 vs. entry 2). It is known that bromide ions enable mild and indirect anodic oxidations via either hypobromite (BrO − ) or bromonium (Br + ) intermediates [47–50] . Other alkali bromide sources were also effective, but the best results were obtained with cheap and abundantly available NaBr (Table 2, entries 1, 3–7).…”

“…It is known that bromide ions enable mild and indirect anodic oxidations via either hypobromite (BrO À ) or bromonium (Br + ) intermediates. [47][48][49][50] Other alkali bromide sources were also effective, but the best results were obtained with cheap and abundantly available NaBr (Table 2, entries 1, 3-7). Addition of small quantities (10 vol %) of organic solvents did not lead to any significant improvement and was even less effective in the cases of methanol and THF ( Table 2, entries 8-10).…”

Complex formation and lactonization reactions in aqueous solutions containing Ca2+ or Nd3+ ions and sugar-type ligands

“…Oxidation processes other than the traditional chemical syntheses are based on the use of electric current [11][12][13][14], ultrasound [15] and catalysts such as Pt, Rh [16] or Au/C [17]. Alternatively, these compounds can be produced via the biochemical route.…”