The oxidation of the novel lignocellulosic biofuel γ-valerolactone in a low pressure flame

Abstract

A first oxidation study of the novel lignocellulosic biofuel γ -valerolactone (GVL) has been performed in a low pressure premixed flat flame. A stoichiometric GVL/methane flame was investigated experimentally and numerically at a pressure of 50 Torr. The measurements include flame temperatures and species concentrations. Species profiles from online gas chromatography measurements are presented for about 40 species including oxygen, hydrogen, argon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water, hydrocarbon, and oxygenated species with separated isomers. The recent kinetic model for GVL pyrolysis of De Bruycker et al. (2016) was extended for oxidation and the resulting model shows good agreement with the experimental flame data. A reaction pathway analysis was performed, which elucidates the fuel specific oxidation pathways of GVL at the investigated conditions. Additionally, an enthalpy analysis of the flame was performed highlighting the consistency of the different measurement techniques.

Cascade Strategy for the Tunable Catalytic Valorization of Levulinic Acid and γ-Valerolactone to 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran and Alcohols

“…Instead, GVL is one of the most important products deriving from LA hydrogenation, currently exploited for the production of both energy and carbon-based consumer products [13][14][15][16][17]. In this sense, it is a renewable and safe-to-store potential biofuel employed as replacement of ethanol in gasoline/ethanol blends [18,19]. Furthermore, it can be used for the production of promising food additives [13], solvents [20] and it is an intermediate for the synthesis of many other fine-chemicals such as valeric biofuels, butene, 4-hydroxypentanol, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and acrylic polymers [12,[21][22][23].…”

“…Catalysts 2018, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 16 gasoline/ethanol blends [18,19]. Furthermore, it can be used for the production of promising food additives [13], solvents [20] and it is an intermediate for the synthesis of many other fine-chemicals such as valeric biofuels, butene, 4-hydroxypentanol, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and acrylic polymers [12,[21][22][23].…”

Falling Leaves Return to Their Roots: A Review on the Preparation of γ‐Valerolactone from Lignocellulose and Its Application in the Conversion of Lignocellulose

“…Some acidic supported catalysts can also promote the open-loop hydrogenation of GVL under milder conditions. [100] Valeric acid can be further catalyzed by other catalysts to synthesize 5-nonone via ketonation. [101] The openloop positions of GVL are different, and the products formed are also different.…”

Effects of Exhaust Gas Hydrogen Addition and Oxygenated Fuel Blends on the Light-Off Performance of a Three-Way Catalyst

“…Leitner et al [25] addressed the issue of the likely great variety of possible advanced biofuel molecules from a diverse range of potential feedstocks, with lignocellulose biomass identified as one of the most abundant resources for the production of advanced biofuels and oxygenated fuel molecules [25]- [28]. A retrosynthetic approach was suggested to help identify viable fuel molecules through their effect on combustion behaviour and emissions formation, and subsequently find possible sources, intermediate platform molecules and sustainable production processes.…”