The Otologic Microbiome<subtitle>A Study of the Bacterial Microbiota in a Pediatric Patient With Chronic Serous Otitis Media Using <emph type="ital">16SrRNA</emph> Gene-Based Pyrosequencing</subtitle>

Abstract

Bacterial community analysis using pyrosequencing analysis revealed diverse, previously unknown bacterial communities in a set of pediatric middle ear, tonsil, and adenoid specimens. Our findings suggest that the adenoid may be a source site for both the middle ear and tonsil microbiota. An ecological framework is appropriate in comparative analysis of microbiota from nonsterile body sites.

Middle ear microbiome differences in indigenous Filipinos with chronic otitis media due to a duplication in the A2ML1 gene

“…Our microbiome results are also different from a previous microbiome study which largely detected Pseudomonas from middle ear fluid of a US child with chronic otitis media [10]. In another microbiome study of middle ear fluid from indigenous Australian children with effusive otitis media, the top species detected were Alloiococcus otitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus sp.…”

The pathogens profile in children with otitis media with effusion and adenoid hypertrophy

“…There was little or no concordance of the microbe detected in the adenoid and the middle ear, both in patients with OME as well as in controls. This finding is in agreement with a previous report that performed 16S rDNA pyrosequencing of both niches, showing that the adenoid microbiota was more diverse and complex than of the middle ear in a child with OME [ 27 ]. As the adenoid is exposed to the nasal and oral microbial contents, differently from the enclosed cavity of the middle ear, this makes the adenoid more susceptible to be colonized by a higher load and more variety of microorganisms.…”

An Overview of Adenoid Microbiome Using 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing-Based Metagenomic Analysis

“…Our findings may suggest a less significant role of Staphylococcus species in the formation of these conditions since our samples were collected from patients suffering from diseases such as chronic and intermittent rhinosinusitis, which are inherently biofilm-associated. Two 16s RNA-based studies reported that Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria were the most common microorganisms identified in the adenoid vegetation [23,24]. These results support our findings, because both Veillonella, Streptococcus salivarius and Fusobactrium combined attribute to more than 60% of microorganisms in our samples.…”