The osseous and dental changes of patients with chronic renal failure by CBCT

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the osseous changes of the jaws of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) by CBCT. Methods: On CBCT scans obtained from 15 patients with CRF and 15 control patients (7 males and 8 females), the mean was calculated for the antegonial index (AI), mental index (MI), panoramic mandibular index (PMI) and mandibular cortical index (MCI). The MI, AI and PMI, pulp chamber size, number of teeth with pulp calcification and lamina dura loss were compared using the paired t-test, and the MCI values were analysed using the x 2 test. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the PMI, MI and AI values in patients with CRF and the control group. With regard to MCI, the cortical margins of the mandible were more porous in patients with CRF than in the control group, and also softtissue calcifications, lamina dura loss and radiolucent defects were more common in patients with CRF. There were no statistically significant differences in pulp chamber size and pulp calcifications between patients with CRF and the control group. Conclusions: Radiographic changes in the jawbones of patients with CRF may be commonly seen. CBCT is a valuable diagnostic tool for the evaluation of osseous findings, pulp chamber, soft-tissue calcifications and MCIs and allows indices measurement in three dimensions without any superposition.

Evaluation of mandibular inferior cortex changes in patients candidate for liver and kidney transplantation using panoramic view

“…Dental panoramic radiographs have a long history of radiological exam in dentistry. Jawbones and related structures have been shown in recent clinical studies to play a critical role in the identification and evaluation of patients with low bone mineral density (9). It is worthy of mention that the panoramic X-ray is used in the routine of all the types of dental patients (14).…”

“…The bony changes in panoramic views may be considered as an encouraging sign for more detailed and specific bone evaluation to prevent serious consequences as much as possible. Researchers estimate that oral symptom will be shown in more than 90% of patients with CRF which could be evaluated clinically or radiographically (9). Oral mucosa, teeth, salivary gland and jaw bone may be affected (10).…”

Fractal properties of the trabecular pattern of the mandible in chronic renal failure

“…[2][3][4][14][15][16][17] Considerable research has also been carried out to evaluate the mineral density of bones in various parts of the body, especially in patients with osteoporosis, and to examine the use of radiomorphometric studies in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. [18][19][20] In many of these studies, various parameters, which can be merged under the names of mandibular indices and mandibular cortical bone, were evaluated.…”

“…ROD leads to many complications, such as increased demineralization in jawbones, decreased trabeculation, "ground-glass" appearance, radiolucent giant cell lesions (brown tumour), metastatic soft-tissue calcification, loss of lamina dura, pulpal constriction, calcification and periodontal disorders. 2 According to the report by Klemetti et al 4 and Bras et al, 5 the mandibular cortex thickness in post-menopausal females and in patients with CRF, as measured by panoramic radiographs, is less than that in normal individuals. The trabecular bone shows fractal characteristics such as self-similarity and lack of well-defined scale due to its branched structure.…”

“…2 Bone changes in patients with CRF are referred to as renal osteodystrophy (ROD), and there is a specific ROD form for every level of CRF. Definitive diagnosis of these subgroups is obtained through biopsy.…”