The osmotic response capacity of the Antarctic fish Harpagifer antarcticus is insufficient to cope with projected temperature and salinity under climate change

New insights into the influence of myo-inositol on carbohydrate metabolism during osmoregulation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Several researches suggested that the gill of euryhaline fish has a great capacity to regulate osmotic balance during osmotic stress ( Mozanzadeh et al., 2021 ; Vargas-Chacoff et al., 2021 ). Hypersaline stress will lead to the accumulation of inorganic ions in cells, which will destroy the structure of intracellular functional proteins and disturbed the ion transport of cells ( Nogueira and Bianchini, 2018 ; Shui et al., 2018 ; Wood and Eom, 2021 ).…”

“…In this experiment, a high-carbohydrate diet is detrimental to nka transporter activity, MI supplementation could improve the activities of ion transporters. The possible mechanism is that MI, as an osmotic effector, could balance the cell osmotic pressure instead of ions, reducing the inorganic ions accumulation and guarantee the normal ion transport ( Fougere et al., 2020 ; Vargas-Chacoff et al., 2021 ). Meanwhile, in this research, the contents of Cl − , Na + and K + in the serum decreased with the addition of MI.…”

“…More compatible organic osmolytes are needed to maintain osmotic balance when hypertonic stress persists in the body ( Dawood et al., 2020 ; Vargas-Chacoff et al., 2021 ). With the addition of MI, the content of MI in gills increased significantly, while there was no evident change of MI content in the liver and kidney.…”