The Organic Content of the Tagish Lake Meteorite

Pizzarello, Sandra; Huang, Yongsong; Becker, L.; Poreda, Robert J.; Nieman, Ronald A.; Cooper, George; Williams, M. D.

doi:10.1126/science.1062614

Cited by 229 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Alkylpyridines were found in the Murchison extract by gas chromatography analysis (Hayatsu et al, 1975;Stoks and Schwartz, 1982;Pizzarello et al, 2001). However, only alkylated pyridines up to C 5 have previously been reported including trimethyl-, methylethyl-, tetramethyl-, ethyldimethyl-, and diethylmethylpyridines.…”

Section: Fig 2 Partial Mass Chromatograms Of C 1 - C 2 -And C 3 -Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Two homologous series of alkylpyridines in the Murchison meteorite

Yamashita

Naraoka

2014

Geochem. J.

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Section: Fig 2 Partial Mass Chromatograms Of C 1 - C 2 -And C 3 -Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Two homologous series of alkylpyridines in the Murchison meteorite

Yamashita

Naraoka

2014

Geochem. J.

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“…However, the lack of spectroscopic data and the poor knowledge of the photoabsorption spectrum of these complex molecules have prevented us from making any firm conclusion. The detection of fullerenes C 60 -C 400 in meteoritic material (Becker et al 1993(Becker et al , 1999Pizzarello et al 2001) and the tentative identification of some diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) as carriers (Foing & Ehrenfreund 1994) has renewed interest in this possibility.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fullerenes and Buckyonions in the Interstellar Medium

Iglesias‐Groth

2004

ApJ

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We show that photoabsorption by fullerenes and buckyonions (multishell fullerenes) explain the shape, width, and peak energy of the most prominent feature of interstellar absorption, the UV bump at 2175 . The predicted A optical and near-infrared transitions for these molecules also offer a potential explanation for the long-standing problem of the identity of the diffuse interstellar bands. The implied ubiquitous distribution of fullerenes may also account for the anomalous galactic microwave emission detected by cosmic microwave background experiments. Comparing theoretical cross sections and astronomical data, we estimate a density of fullerenes in the diffuse interstellar medium of 0.1-0.2 parts per million, consistent with the findings in meteorites. Fullerenebased molecules appear to be a major carbon reservoir in the interstellar medium.

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“…Toluene extracts of acid-digested Allende meteorite powder have revealed the presence of several small fullerenes up to C 84 (62). Use of high-boiling solvents, however, reveals fullerene envelopes up to C 250 in Allende (63), Murchison (64), and Tagish Lake meteorite powders (61). Results of fullerene detection in exogenous materials are still considered controversial, because numerous attempts to corroborate fullerene detection in meteorite extracts have been unsuccessful regardless of whether LDMS (65) or other detection techniques were used (66).…”

Section: Study Of Pulsed Heating Effects On Extraterrestrial Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Introduction. Laser desorption mass spectrometry (LDMS), a one-step technique, can be a particularly valuable tool for detecting fullerenes, which have been reported in various extraterrestrial samples (60,61). Toluene extracts of acid-digested Allende meteorite powder have revealed the presence of several small fullerenes up to C 84 (62).…”

Section: Study Of Pulsed Heating Effects On Extraterrestrial Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser mass spectrometric detection of extraterrestrial aromatic molecules: Mini-review and examination of pulsed heating effects

Spencer

Hammond

Zare

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Laser mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the sensitive, selective, and spatially resolved analysis of organic compounds in extraterrestrial materials. Using microprobe two-step laser mass spectrometry ( L 2 MS), we have explored the organic composition of many different exogenous materials, including meteorites, interplanetary dust particles, and interstellar ice analogs, gaining significant insight into the nature of extraterrestrial materials. Recently, we applied L 2 MS to analyze the effect of heating caused by hypervelocity particle capture in aerogel, which was used on the NASA Stardust Mission to capture comet particles. We show that this material exhibits complex organic molecules upon sudden heating. Similar pulsed heating of carbonaceous materials is shown to produce an artifactual fullerene signal. We review the use of L 2 MS to investigate extraterrestrial materials, and we discuss its recent application to characterize the effect of pulsed heating on samples of interest. (not from Earth), including meteorites, interplanetary dust particles (IDPs), and cometary coma dust, is a fascinating endeavor, and its pursuit can significantly increase our knowledge of planetary formation and interstellar chemistry. Several factors make this task challenging, including sample acquisition in a manner that does not alter compounds and analysis of micrometer-scale samples. Mass spectrometry (MS) offers one means of meeting these criteria. In the past, MS instruments have flown on missions to outer space and the surrounding planets. Notably, the NASA Viking Landers, which touched down on Mars in 1976, used gas chromatography followed by MS to gain the first analysis of the Martian atmosphere (1). MS investigations in space have enabled the understanding that planets exchange material and, in particular, that Earth has received meteorites from the moon and Mars. Much information about our surroundings has been gained by the MS analysis of extraterrestrial materials.Laser MS techniques have particular utility when analyzing low concentrations of organic compounds on complex surfaces and particulates, which are often encountered with extraterrestrial materials. In general, these techniques are able to perform spatially resolved, micrometer-scale surface analyses and have achieved sensitivities in the subattomole regime (2). Most commercial laser MS instrumentation uses one laser pulse, to both thermally desorb surface material and ionize resulting gaseous compounds. A matrix is often added to the sample to facilitate desorption, such as in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) (3, 4). Less widespread, because of an increased complexity and specificity, are laser MS techniques that use two lasers, one for sample desorption and one for ionization (2). This two-step laser MS can be used to selectively detect specific organic compound classes with high sensitivity and does not require matrix addition. Only femtograms of surface material are removed during desorption, minimally altering the sample and pe...

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The Organic Content of the Tagish Lake Meteorite

Cited by 229 publications

References 16 publications

Two homologous series of alkylpyridines in the Murchison meteorite

Two homologous series of alkylpyridines in the Murchison meteorite

Fullerenes and Buckyonions in the Interstellar Medium

Laser mass spectrometric detection of extraterrestrial aromatic molecules: Mini-review and examination of pulsed heating effects

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