The occurrence of porcine circovirus 3 without clinical infection signs in Shandong Province

Zheng, Suiping; Wu, Xiaoyan; Zhang, L.; Chao-an, Xin; Liu, Y.; Shi, Jianzhong; Peng, Zhe; Xu, Shaojian; Fu, Fang; Yu, Jiang; Sun, Wenbo; Li, J.; Wang, J.

doi:10.1111/tbed.12667

Cited by 126 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…; Zheng et al . ). Some isolates from China shared high identity with PCV3/29160 and PCV3/2164 from USA (Shen et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This is consistent with the report that PCV3 infected host may show no clinical signs of infection (Zheng et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Studies also showed that PCV3 infected pigs may show no clinical signs (Zheng et al . ). Some reports showed that there is a chance of co‐infection of PCV3 and PCV2 (Wang et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Establishment of a sensitive TaqMan‐based real‐time PCR assay for porcine circovirus type 3 and its application in retrospective quarantine of imported boars to China

Chen

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Porcine circovirus type 3 ( PCV 3) is a novel pathogen first identified in the United States in 2016. As there is a high possibility that no clinical signs of infection are observed in the host, an accurate and sensitive method is needed for quarantine on numerous live pigs especially for international pig trade. In this study, a TaqMan‐based real‐time PCR assay specifically for PCV 3 was established without cross‐reactions with other non‐targeted pig viruses. The sensitivity of the current approach is about 1.5 × 10 1 copies μ L −1 plasmid DNA while the sensitivity of the conventional PCR is about 1.5 × 10 2 copies μ L −1 plasmid DNA . Further, this assay was applied in the retrospective quarantine on serum samples of 601 commercial live boars imported to China from the United States, France and the United Kingdom from 2011 to 2017. The results revealed that PCV 3 could be detected positive in the commercial boars imported from the United States and the above‐mentioned western European countries and phylogenetic study also revealed that viral isolates were grouped with some isolates from Korea and the United States. Our study suggested that PCV 3 may be prevalent globally since 2011.

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“…; Zheng et al . ). Some isolates from China shared high identity with PCV3/29160 and PCV3/2164 from USA (Shen et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This is consistent with the report that PCV3 infected host may show no clinical signs of infection (Zheng et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Establishment of a sensitive TaqMan‐based real‐time PCR assay for porcine circovirus type 3 and its application in retrospective quarantine of imported boars to China

Chen

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…PCV3 has been found in asymptomatic pigs (Zheng et al . ) and in pigs with clinical symptoms similar to those caused by PCV2, such as porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), respiratory disorders and reproductive failures (Palinski et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCV3 has been reported in China (Zheng et al . ), South Korea (Kwon et al . ), Japan (Hayashi et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First detection of porcine circovirus type 3 in Colombia and the complete genome sequence demonstrates the circulation of PCV3a1 and PCV3a2

Vargas-Bermúdez

Campos

Bonil

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Porcine circovirus 3 ( PCV 3) was recently discovered and is a new species of the genus circovirus. Clinically, it is associated with absence of symptoms or with different clinical syndromes. It has been reported in different countries of America, Europe and Asia. Last year, in Colombia, some farms have reported symptoms similar to those caused by PCV 2. Samples were taken from two farms located in the centre of the country, and the presence of PCV 3 was determined by PCR in two samples, one from a pool of sera and another from mesenteric lymph node. The strains were fully sequenced (GenBank accession numbers MH 327784 and MH 327785) and classified into subgroups a1 and a2. According to this classification and its analysis, strain a2 is located within the group called “Linker” that may be evolving towards group “b”. In addition to the above, the two Colombian strains were compared with 104 strains reported in the GenBank database. The phylogenetic tree obtained grouped according to the classification of subgroups a1, a2, b1 and b2. It was found that subgroups a1 and a2 were well grouped when comparing whole genomes, but the same was not observed with the strains of group “b”. In the latter, no subgroups were evidenced when comparing complete genomes. It is suggested that a new classification of PCV 3 subgroups should be proposed, based on whole genome sequences. This is the first report of PCV 3 in Colombia and its complete genome sequence.

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A Shift in Porcine Circovirus 3 (PCV‐3) History Paradigm: Phylodynamic Analyses Reveal an Ancient Origin and Prolonged Undetected Circulation in the Worldwide Swine Population

Franzo

Correa‐Fiz

et al. 2019

Advanced Science

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The identification of a new circovirus (Porcine circovirus 3, PCV‐3) has raised a remarkable concern because of some analogies with Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV‐2). Preliminary results suggest an extremely recent PCV‐3 emergence and high mutation rate. Retrospective studies prove its circulation at least since the early 1990s, revealing that PCV‐3 could have been infecting pigs for an even longer period. Therefore, a new evaluation, based on an updated collection of PCV‐3 sequences spanning more than 20 years, is performed using a phylodynamic approach. The obtained results overrule the previous PCV‐3 history concept, indicating an ancient origin. These evidences are associated with an evolutionary rate far lower (10−5–10−6 substitution/site/year) than the PCV‐2 one. Accordingly, the action of selective pressures on PCV‐3 open reading frames (ORFs) seems to be remarkably lower compared to those acting on PCV‐2, suggesting either a reduced PCV‐3 plasticity or a less efficient host‐induced natural selection. A complex and not‐directional viral flow network is evidenced through phylogeographic analysis, indicating a long lasting circulation rather than a recent emergence followed by spreading. Being recent emergence has been ruled out, efforts should be devoted to understand whether its recent discovery is simply due to improved detection capabilities or to the breaking of a previous equilibrium.

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The occurrence of porcine circovirus 3 without clinical infection signs in Shandong Province

Cited by 126 publications

References 13 publications

Establishment of a sensitive TaqMan‐based real‐time PCR assay for porcine circovirus type 3 and its application in retrospective quarantine of imported boars to China

Establishment of a sensitive TaqMan‐based real‐time PCR assay for porcine circovirus type 3 and its application in retrospective quarantine of imported boars to China

First detection of porcine circovirus type 3 in Colombia and the complete genome sequence demonstrates the circulation of PCV3a1 and PCV3a2

A Shift in Porcine Circovirus 3 (PCV‐3) History Paradigm: Phylodynamic Analyses Reveal an Ancient Origin and Prolonged Undetected Circulation in the Worldwide Swine Population

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