The Observed Offset Distribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts from Their Host Galaxies: A Robust Clue to the Nature of the Progenitors

Bloom, J.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Djorgovski, S. G.

doi:10.1086/338893

Cited by 611 publications

(788 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…3 between the afterglow and this object corresponds to a projected distance of (2.7 +2.9 −2.7 ) kpc. This is twice as large as the median projected distance of 1.3 kpc found by Bloom et al (2002) for a sample of 20 hosts of long-duration GRBs, but fully consistent within the errors. We therefore interpret this object as the host galaxy of GRB 071028B, which is centred on the coordinates of α, δ (J2000.0) = 23 h 36 m 38. s 81, −31 • 37 13.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Of Grb 071028bsupporting

confidence: 85%

GRB 071028B, a burst behind large amounts of dust in an unabsorbed galaxy

Clemens

Greiner

Krühler

et al. 2011

A&A

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Aims. We report on the discovery and properties of the fading afterglow and underlying host galaxy of GRB 071028B, thereby facilitating a detailed comparison between these two. Methods. Observations were performed with the Gamma-ray Burst Optical and Near-infrared Detector at the 2.2 m telescope on the La Silla Paranal Observatory in Chile. We conducted five observations from 1.9 d to 227.2 d after the trigger and obtained deep images in the g r i z and JHK s bands. Results. Based on accurate seven-channel photometry covering the optical to near-infrared wavelength range, we derive a photometric redshift of z = 0.94 +0.05 −0.10 for the unabsorbed host galaxy of GRB 071028B. In contrast, we show that the afterglow with an intrinsic extinction of A SB V = (0.70 ± 0.11) mag is moderately absorbed and requires a relatively flat extinction curve. According to the reported Swift/BAT observations, the energetics yield an isotropic energy release of E rest γ,iso = (1.4 +2.4 −0.7 ) × 10 51 erg.

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Section: Results and Discussion Of Grb 071028bsupporting

confidence: 85%

GRB 071028B, a burst behind large amounts of dust in an unabsorbed galaxy

Clemens

Greiner

Krühler

et al. 2011

A&A

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“…For the impact parameters of the remaining sample we shall use a mean value determined from a representative sample of GRB hosts. Such a sample is provided in Bloom et al (2002) but we find that for a number of the OTs in that sample better astrometry was subsequently provided by Fruchter et al (2006), and for those we reassess the impact parameters based on the Fruchter et al (2006) data. From the sample of Perley et al (2013) we include all GRBs for which coordinates of both hosts and OTs are provided with uncertainty 0.3 ′′ , and for which redshifts are known.…”

Section: Metallicity Gradientmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The third and fourth columns present the impact parameter and corresponding error. a References: (1) Castro et al (2003); (2) Thöne et al (2013); (3) this work; (4) Bloom et al (2002); (5) Perley et al (2013) for the observed half galaxy. One could make the simple assumption that the cold clumps in the ISM and halo gas move randomly, but that most are bound inside the gravitational well.…”

Section: Potential Well Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the mass–metallicity relation, velocity dispersion, and gravitational well depth of GRB host galaxies

Arabsalmani

Møller

Fynbo

et al. 2014

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We analyze a sample of 16 absorption systems intrinsic to long duration GRB host galaxies at z 2 for which the metallicities are known. We compare the relation between the metallicity and cold gas velocity width for this sample to that of the QSO-DLAs, and find complete agreement. We then compare the redshift evolution of the mass-metallicity relation of our sample to that of QSO-DLAs and find that also GRB hosts favour a late onset of this evolution, around a redshift of ≈ 2.6. We compute predicted stellar masses for the GRB host galaxies using the prescription determined from QSO-DLA samples and compare the measured stellar masses for the four hosts where stellar masses have been determined from SED fits. We find excellent agreement and conclude that, on basis of all available data and tests, long duration GRB-DLA hosts and intervening QSO-DLAs are consistent with being drawn from the same underlying population.GRB host galaxies and QSO-DLAs are found to have different impact parameter distributions and we briefly discuss how this may affect statistical samples. The impact parameter distribution has two effects. First any metallicity gradient will shift the measured metallicity away from the metallicity in the centre of the galaxy, second the path of the sightline through different parts of the potential well of the dark matter halo will cause different velocity fields to be sampled. We report evidence suggesting that this second effect may have been detected.

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“…While a a few high-z cases have highquality data that make them convincing (e.g., most recently Cobb et al 2010;Cano et al 2010), there are many more www.an-journal.org where the data is of lower quality (e.g., Zeh et al 2004), making the SN interpretation in all cases less secure. The earliest, but more indirect, hints for the existence of a link between GRBs and the death of massive stars was the detection of star-formation features in the host galaxies of GRBs (Djorgovski et al 1998;Fruchter et al 1999) and correlation of GRB positions in their host galaxies with starforming regions (Bloom et al 2002).…”

Section: Solid Cases Of Sn-grb: Sne Ic-bl With Grbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stellar Forensics with the Supernova‐GRB Connection

Modjaz¹

2011

Reviews in Modern Astronomy

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Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and Type Ib/c Supernovae (SNe Ib/c) are amongst nature's most magnificent explosions. While GRBs launch relativistic jets, SNe Ib/c are core-collapse explosions whose progenitors have been stripped of their hydrogen and helium envelopes. Yet for over a decade, one of the key outstanding questions is which conditions lead to each kind of explosion and death in massive stars. Determining the fates of massive stars is not only a vibrant topic in itself, but also impacts using GRBs as star formation indicators over distances of up to 13 billion light-years and for mapping the chemical enrichment history of the universe. This article reviews a number of comprehensive observational studies that probe the progenitor environments, their metallicities and the explosion geometries of SN with and without GRBs, as well as the emerging field of SN environmental studies. Furthermore, it discusses SN 2008D/XRT 080109 which was discovered serendipitously with the Swift satellite via its X-ray emission from shock breakout, and which has generated great interest amongst both observers and theorists while illustrating a novel technique for stellar forensics. The article concludes with an outlook on how the most promising venues of research -with the many existing and upcoming large-scale surveys such as the Palomar Transient Factory and LSST -will shed new light on the diverse deaths of massive stars.

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The Observed Offset Distribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts from Their Host Galaxies: A Robust Clue to the Nature of the Progenitors

Cited by 611 publications

References 116 publications

GRB 071028B, a burst behind large amounts of dust in an unabsorbed galaxy

GRB 071028B, a burst behind large amounts of dust in an unabsorbed galaxy

On the mass–metallicity relation, velocity dispersion, and gravitational well depth of GRB host galaxies

Stellar Forensics with the Supernova‐GRB Connection

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