The next generation of bacteriophage therapy

Lu, Timothy K.; Koeris, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.mib.2011.07.028

Cited by 280 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This would help in targeting phages for phage therapy, which is immensely helped by their host range (30). The mosaicism of S. aureus phages is suggestive of prevalent gene exchange within this phage group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite Diversity and Complexity in Eighteen Staphylococcus Phage Genomes

Alam

Iqbal²,

Tripathi

et al. 2017

Gene Cell Tissue

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The present study focused on Staphylococcus phage genomes, which have been classified to 3 categories on the basis of their size. Overall, 18 classes of II Staphylococcus phage genomes with genome size around 40 kbp were investigated to elucidate the presence, distribution, and complexity of SSRs therein. The full length genome sequences from NCBI were analyzed using the IMEx software. A total of 3656 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 213 compound SSRs (cSSR) were present in the studied genomes. The incident frequency of SSR and cSSR per genome ranged from 183 to 308 and 8 to 19, respectively. The SSRs distribution across genomes was non-linear and so was its conversion to cSSR (the range of cSSR percentage was from 4.15 to 9.13) implicating a non-uniform incidence and clustering in genomes. The AT rich content of genomes was reflected in the prevalence of repeats with A, AT/TA, and AAG/GAA being the highest represented mono-, di-, and tri-nucleotide repeat motifs, respectively. An increase in dMAX was accompanied by greater cSSRs in the genomes yet the increase was neither uniform across genomes nor linear. The SSRs and cSSRs are predominantly localized on the coding region. The non-coding region accounts for~19% in SSR and~30% in cSSR while a hypothetical protein accounted for~30% in SSRs as well as cSSR. The relative frequencies and distribution of different classes of simple and compound microsatellites within and across genomes are suggestive of these sequences being involved in genome evolution and adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite Diversity and Complexity in Eighteen Staphylococcus Phage Genomes

Alam

Iqbal²,

Tripathi

et al. 2017

Gene Cell Tissue

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“…The increased incidence of antibiotic resistance has led to the search for an alternative antimicrobial treatment. Phage therapy is one potential candidate for the treatment of multidrug resistant bacteria [5]. Clinical trials of bacteriophages and their derivatives as potential alternative agents for controlling multi drug resistance infection have been described in various bacterial pathogens [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Detection of Endolysin Gene from Three Acinetobacter baumannii Bacteriophages Isolated from Sewage Water

et al. 2014

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Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that exists in hospital environments. The emergence of multidrug resistant A. baumannii (MDRAB) has been reported worldwide. It is necessary to find a novel and effective treatment for MDRAB infection. In this study, three bacteriophages, designated as ØABP-01, ØABP-02 and ØABP-04 were selected for analysis. Transmission electron microscopy showed that bacteriophage ØABP-01 belonged to the Podoviridae family and bacteriophage ØABP-02 and ØABP-04 are classified into the family Myoviridae. ØABP-01 had the widest host range. ØABP-01, ØABP-02 and ØABP-04 exhibited a latent period of 15, 20 and 20 min. The burst sizes of the three bacteriophages were 110, 120 and 150 PFU/cell. DNA restriction analysis using EcoRI, HindIII, PstI, SphI, BamHI and SmaI showed different DNA fragment patterns between the three bacteriophages. ØABP-01 and ØABP-04 was positive for the endolysin gene as determined by PCR. In conclusion, bacteriophage ØABP-01 showed broad host-specificity, good lytic activity and a short latency period, making it an appropriate candidate for studying the control and diagnosis associated with MDRAB infections.

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“…Bacteriophage phi812 from the genus Twort-like virus, subfamily Spounavirinae, can infect at least 95% of Staphylococcus aureus strains, including those strains resistant to antibiotics (2). Thus, phi812 has the potential to be used as antibacterial phage-therapy agent (3,4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and genome release of Twort-like Myoviridae phage with a double-layered baseplate

Nováček

Šiborová

Benešík

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Bacteriophages from the family Myoviridae use double-layered contractile tails to infect bacteria. Contraction of the tail sheath enables the tail tube to penetrate through the bacterial cell wall and serve as a channel for the transport of the phage genome into the cytoplasm. However, the mechanisms controlling the tail contraction and genome release of phages with “double-layered” baseplates were unknown. We used cryo-electron microscopy to show that the binding of the Twort-like phage phi812 to the Staphylococcus aureus cell wall requires a 210° rotation of the heterohexameric receptor-binding and tripod protein complexes within its baseplate about an axis perpendicular to the sixfold axis of the tail. This rotation reorients the receptor-binding proteins to point away from the phage head, and also results in disruption of the interaction of the tripod proteins with the tail sheath, hence triggering its contraction. However, the tail sheath contraction of Myoviridae phages is not sufficient to induce genome ejection. We show that the end of the phi812 double-stranded DNA genome is bound to one protein subunit from a connector complex that also forms an interface between the phage head and tail. The tail sheath contraction induces conformational changes of the neck and connector that result in disruption of the DNA binding. The genome penetrates into the neck, but is stopped at a bottleneck before the tail tube. A subsequent structural change of the tail tube induced by its interaction with the S. aureus cell is required for the genome’s release.

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The next generation of bacteriophage therapy

Cited by 280 publications

References 58 publications

Microsatellite Diversity and Complexity in Eighteen Staphylococcus Phage Genomes

Microsatellite Diversity and Complexity in Eighteen Staphylococcus Phage Genomes

Characterization and Detection of Endolysin Gene from Three Acinetobacter baumannii Bacteriophages Isolated from Sewage Water

Structure and genome release of Twort-like Myoviridae phage with a double-layered baseplate

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