The natural iron chelators' ferulic acid and caffeic acid rescue mice's brains from side effects of iron overload

Abstract

Studies have shown that iron accumulation in the brain leads to neurogenic disorders. Novel iron chelating agents such as natural remedies are useful to decrease the side effects of iron in the brain. In addition, flavones and polyphenols are capable of chelating metals. In the current study, we evaluated the iron chelating capacity of ferulic acid and caffeic acid in the brain tissues of iron-overloaded mice. The mice received iron dextran intraperitoneally four times a week for 6 weeks. Next, blood samples were taken from the mice. In addition, brain tissues were excised for tissue staining as well as total iron and catalase (CAT) activity assessment. Ferulic acid and caffeic acid significantly decreased iron content in both brain and serum samples. Ferulic acid decreased iron by 50 and 51% more than the iron dextran-treated mice and by 43 and 2% more than desferal (DFO)-treated mice in serum and brain, respectively. In addition, caffeic acid reduced iron 57% more than the iron-treated group and 49 and 2% more than the desferal-treated group in the serum and brain, respectively. The catalase activity decreased with the increase in iron. By administering natural compounds, the catalase activity was increased equal to that of the control group. Thus, ferulic acid and caffeic acid might be possible natural iron chelators for brain iron overload therapy.

Metabolomics analysis reveals the differences between Abrus cantoniensis Hance and Abrus mollis Hance

“…In addition, we found significantly increased amounts of caffeic acid, sinapic acid, and other phenolic acids in AmR compared with AcR. Caffeic acid is a natural antioxidant with a variety of pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects [ 28 , 35 ]. Sinapic acid has been widely studied for its various pharmacological effects, particularly its anticancer effects [ 3 ].…”

Poacic Acid, a Plant-Derived Stilbenoid, Augments Cell Wall Chitin Production, but Its Antifungal Activity Is Hindered by This Polysaccharide and by Fungal Essential Metals

“…Fungal Essential Metals Dose-Dependently Reduce the Antifungal Activity of PA. Ferulic acid, from which PA is derived, is a natural metal chelator that has been shown to protect mice brains from the side effects of iron overload. 41,42 We therefore hypothesized that PA may interfere with metal homeostasis in the range of its measurable antifungal activity against S. cerevisiae strains. This activity could affect yeast growth and contribute to the antifungal activity of this stilbenoid.…”

“…Ferulic acid, from which PA is derived, is a natural metal chelator that has been shown to protect mice brains from the side effects of iron overload. , We therefore hypothesized that PA may interfere with metal homeostasis in the range of its measurable antifungal activity against S. cerevisiae strains.…”

Efficacy of the iron‐chelating agent, deferiprone, in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…14 Although the exact mechanism of ferroptosis in PD is not well understood, it has been hypothesized that ironchelating agents may slow the progress of PD both in animal models and clinical trials. [15][16][17][18] Deferoxamine (DFO), an iron chelator agent, was first introduced for transfusional iron overload in the early 1970s, but due to its short half-life (20-30 min) and lack of oral activity, it initially had subpar results. To overcome these pharmacokinetics problems, Deferiprone (DFP) was introduced to clinical practice in the 1980s.…”

“…Involvement of ferroptosis in dopaminergic cell death was confirmed in the MPTP mouse model, and its toxicity was inhibited by Ferostatin‐1(Fer‐1), a specific Ferroptosis inhibitor 14 . Although the exact mechanism of ferroptosis in PD is not well understood, it has been hypothesized that iron‐chelating agents may slow the progress of PD both in animal models and clinical trials 15–18 …”