The n−3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid increase systemic arterial compliance in humans

Nestel, Paul J.; Shige, Hideki; Pomeroy, Sylvia; Cehun, M; Abbey, Mavois; Raederstorff, Daniel

doi:10.1093/ajcn/76.2.326

Cited by 223 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The result was consistent with other studies (McVeigh et al, 1994;Nestel et al, 1997Nestel et al, , 2002O'Keefe et al, 2006). Large arterial stiffening was associated with hypertension, but both are not identified.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients

Wang

Sw³

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objectives: To observe the effect of fish oil supplementation on arterial elasticity and blood pressure (BP) in overweight hypertensive patients. Subjects and methods: This was a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled clinical study, in which 52 overweight hypertensive patients from a community were selected and randomly allocated to two groups (26 in the fish oil group (3 g day À1 , fish oil capsules) and 26 in the placebo group (only capsules). All the subjects were follow-up for 8 weeks. The arterial elasticity was determined by CVProfilor DO-2020 and expressed as elasticity indexes (C 1 -large artery and C 2 -small artery). During the follow-up, totally nine cases were dropped out (three cases from the fish oil group and six cases from the placebo group). Results: After 8 weeks follow-up, the large artery elasticity in the fish oil group, compared with its baseline, was significantly improved (C 1 : 15.571.5 vs 12.873.7 ml mm Hg À1 Â 10), whereas no effects were found in the placebo group (C 1 : 13.073.4 vs 13.473.8 ml mm Hg À1 Â 10), P ¼ 0.027, RM-ANOVA across the two groups. The small artery elasticity (C 2 ), BP and pulse pressure were not found any changes, either in the fish oil group or in the placebo group. At same time, the serum soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(sVCAM-1) and leptin levels, the lipid profile and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) as well, did not show significant differences between two groups. Conclusions: Fish oil supplementation certainly would improve large arterial elasticity but no effect on BP in overweight hypertensive patients. Further study is needed to confirm the benefits of fish oil supplementation on age-related increases in arterial stiffness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Clinical trials have showed that n-3 fatty acids (fish oil, flaxseed oil or purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) supplementation can improve arterial elasticity in normotensive subjects with dyslipidemia, obesity or diabetes (McVeigh et al, 1994;Nestel et al, 1997Nestel et al, , 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients

Wang

Sw³

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…In a study of dyslipidaemic subjects, supplemented with fish oil in a dose and in an intervention period comparable to the present, Nestel et al (2002) found a significant improvement of the systemic arterial compliance, which is a measure of the function of predominantly large elastic arteries. In the present study, arterial compliance was measured regionally, in predominantly medium-sized muscular arteries, without effect in either the TFA or the n-3 PUFA study group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Long-chained n-3 PUFA have been shown to have positive effects on blood lipids, haemostasis, leukocyte and vascular function, arterial compliance (AC) and heart rate variability (HRV) (Christensen et al, 1999;Goodfellow et al, 2000;Nestel et al, 2002), the latter being a strong predictor of SCD (Curtis and O'Keefe Jr, 2002). Industrially produced TFA adversely influence blood lipids (Ascherio et al, 1999), as well as endothelial function (de Roos et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of trans- and n-3 unsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy males. An 8 weeks dietary intervention study

et al. 2004

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Background: Studies of long-term intake of industrially produced trans fatty acids (TFA) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) suggest opposite effects on cardiovascular disease risk. Common mechanisms of action are probable. Objective: To examine the effects on cardiovascular risk markers of dietary enrichment with TFA or n-3 PUFA. Design: Randomized, double-blind, parallel intervention trial. Setting: Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University. Subjects: In all, 87 healthy males included, 79 completed. Intervention: Subjects were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of a daily intake of 33 g of experimental fats from either partially hydrogenated soy oil containing 20 g of TFA, 12 g of fish oil with approximately 4 g of n-3 PUFA and 21 g of control fat, or 33 g of control fat. The experimental fats were incorporated into bakery products. Plasma lipids, blood pressure, heart rate variability (HRV), arterial dilatory capacity, compliance, and distensibility were recorded before and after intervention and at follow-up 12 weeks after the intervention. Results: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased in the TFA group and triglycerides and mean arterial blood pressure decreased in the n-3 PUFA group compared to the control group. HRV, arterial dilatory capacity, compliance, and distensibility were unchanged. Conclusion:The results indicate that the association between coronary heart disease risk and intake of TFA and n-3 PUFA relates only modestly to changes in traditional risk markers.

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“…They suggest that atherosclerotic plaques are responsive to dietary modification such as n-3 FA which will affect plaque stability. c) Blood pressure and platelet aggregation-N-3 FA alter vascular function by enhancing the release of nitric oxide (NO) [94,95], as well as modifying the release of ADP [96], decreasing vasoactive prostanoids (such as thromboxane A 2 which is a potent platelet aggregator and vasoconstrictor) [97] and improving arterial compliance [98]. Therefore n-3 FA can decrease blood pressure [99].…”

Section: Molecular Mechanism Of N-3 Fa Related To Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Actions and molecular mechanisms

Torrejón

Jung

Deckelbaum

2007

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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The n−3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid increase systemic arterial compliance in humans

Abstract: EPA and DHA increase SAC and tend to reduce pulse pressure and total vascular resistance, effects that may reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events.

Cited by 223 publications

References 28 publications

Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients

Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients

Effects of trans- and n-3 unsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy males. An 8 weeks dietary intervention study

n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Actions and molecular mechanisms

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