The MoCA

Dalrymple‐Alford, John C.; MacAskill, Michael R.; Nakas, Christos T.; Livingston, Leslie; Graham, Charlotte; Crucian, Gregory P.; Melzer, Tracy R.; Kirwan, John P.; Keenan, Rāwiri; Wells, Sue; Porter, Richard; Watts, Richard; Anderson, Tim

doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181fc29c9

Cited by 763 publications

(648 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Global cognition was assessed with the MoCA 6, 7. Cognitive testing included the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test‐Revised (HLVT‐R) to assess memory; Benton Judgment of Line Orientation (JOLO) 15‐item version to assess visuospatial function; Symbol‐Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) to assess processing speed‐attention; and Letter‐Number Sequencing (LNS) and semantic (animal) fluency to assess executive abilities‐working memory 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) – establishing a PD biomarker cohort

Marek

Chowdhury

Siderowf

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

399

339

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ObjectiveThe Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) is an observational, international study designed to establish biomarker‐defined cohorts and identify clinical, imaging, genetic, and biospecimen Parkinson's disease (PD) progression markers to accelerate disease‐modifying therapeutic trials.MethodsA total of 423 untreated PD, 196 Healthy Control (HC) and 64 SWEDD (scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit) subjects were enrolled at 24 sites. To enroll PD subjects as early as possible following diagnosis, subjects were eligible with only asymmetric bradykinesia or tremor plus a dopamine transporter (DAT) binding deficit on SPECT imaging. Acquisition of data was standardized as detailed at www.ppmi-info.org.ResultsApproximately 9% of enrolled subjects had a single PD sign at baseline. DAT imaging excluded 16% of potential PD subjects with SWEDD. The total MDS‐UPDRS for PD was 32.4 compared to 4.6 for HC and 28.2 for SWEDD. On average, PD subjects demonstrated 45% and 68% reduction in mean striatal and contralateral putamen Specific Binding Ratios (SBR), respectively. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was acquired from >97% of all subjects. CSF (PD/HC/SWEDD pg/mL) α‐synuclein (1845/2204/2141) was reduced in PD vs HC or SWEDD (P < 0.03). Similarly, t‐tau (45/53) and p‐tau (16/18) were reduced in PD versus HC (P < 0.01),Interpretation PPMI has detailed the biomarker signature for an early PD cohort defined by clinical features and imaging biomarkers. This strategy provides the framework to establish biomarker cohorts and to define longitudinal progression biomarkers to support future PD treatment trials.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) – establishing a PD biomarker cohort

Marek

Chowdhury

Siderowf

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

399

339

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Global cognition was evaluated by using the Mini-Mental State Examination 28 and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. 29 In line with the recommendations of the MDS Task Force, specific cognitive domains including memory, executive function, visuospatial function and language, and attention/working memory were also assessed. 30 In this regard, patients were evaluated with the following subtests from the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale- [31][32][33] Performances on individual tasks were transformed into z scores.…”

Section: Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcortical Atrophy Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Mild Parkinson Disease: A Combined Investigation of Volumetric Changes, Cortical Thickness, and Vertex-Based Shape Analysis

Mak

Bergsland

Dwyer

et al. 2014

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…The fact that the Hoehn‐Yahr stage of our bilateral PD patients group ranged from 2 to 3 and treatment of PD might explain this absence of significant difference. The MoCA scale is a sensitive and brief test that can be used to screen mild cognitive impairment (Dalrymple‐Alford et al., 2010). When stratified PD patients into cognitive impairment and mild/no cognitive impairment, our results showed that NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho ratios were lower for our patients with mild/no cognitive impairment than healthy control subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and application of neurochemical profile by multiple regional ¹H‐MRS in Parkinson's disease

Guan

Wen

et al. 2017

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionThe accurate diagnosis and monitoring of idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, has not been fully developed. This study sought to identify a neurochemical profile in multiple regions of the PD brain and healthy controls by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS). We aimed to track changes of the brain neurochemical, quantify neuronal loss, and further determine the diagnostic value of 1H‐MRS.Methods PD patients and healthy controls recruited from Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, southern China, underwent 1H‐MRS. Chemical information was obtained for ratios of N‐acetylaspartate to creatine (NAA/Cr), NAA to choline (NAA/Cho), and Cho to Cr for substantia nigra, globus pallidus, prefrontal lobe, hippocampus, cuneus gyrus, and dorsal thalamus regions.ResultsCompared to the 20 healthy controls (12 male, age 58.75 ± 5.03 years), the 42 patients (21 male, age 61.60 ± 6.40 years) showed lower NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho ratios in substantia nigra, globus pallidus, prefrontal lobe, hippocampus, cuneus gyrus and dorsal thalamus regions (p < .01); NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho ratios were reduced for both patients with unilateral and mild/no cognitive impairment (p < .01); Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale score was inversely correlated with NAA/Cr ratios in the substantia nigra (r = −.32; p = .042).Conclusion NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho ratios may be useful metabolic biomarkers for early diagnosis of PD. Multi‐voxel 1H‐MRS can provide information on brain neurochemistry and may be a promising technique for diagnosis of and monitoring neuronal loss in PD.

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The MoCA

Abstract: The MoCA is a suitably accurate, brief test when screening all levels of cognition in PD.

Cited by 763 publications

References 42 publications

The Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) – establishing a PD biomarker cohort

The Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) – establishing a PD biomarker cohort

Subcortical Atrophy Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Mild Parkinson Disease: A Combined Investigation of Volumetric Changes, Cortical Thickness, and Vertex-Based Shape Analysis

Detection and application of neurochemical profile by multiple regional ¹H‐MRS in Parkinson's disease

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The MoCA

Abstract: The MoCA is a suitably accurate, brief test when screening all levels of cognition in PD.

Cited by 763 publications

References 42 publications

The Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) – establishing a PD biomarker cohort

The Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) – establishing a PD biomarker cohort

Subcortical Atrophy Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Mild Parkinson Disease: A Combined Investigation of Volumetric Changes, Cortical Thickness, and Vertex-Based Shape Analysis

Detection and application of neurochemical profile by multiple regional 1H‐MRS in Parkinson's disease

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Detection and application of neurochemical profile by multiple regional ¹H‐MRS in Parkinson's disease