The MMPI–2 Restructured Form Personality Psychopathology Five Scales: BridgingDSM–5Section 2 Personality Disorders andDSM–5Section 3 Personality Trait Dimensions

Abstract

This study examined in a college sample and a sample of non-treatment-seeking, trauma-exposed veterans the association between the MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) Scales and DSM-5 Section 2 personality disorder (PD) criteria, the same system used in DSM-IV-TR, and the proposed broad personality trait dimensions contained in Section 3 of DSM-5. DSM-5 Section 2 PD symptoms were assessed using the SCID-II-PQ, and applying a replicated rational selection procedure to the SCID-II-PQ item pool, proxies for the DSM-5 Section 3 dimensions and select facets were constructed. The MMPI-2-RF PSY-5 scales demonstrated appropriate convergent and discriminant associations with both Section 2 PDs and Section 3 dimensions in both samples. These findings suggest the MMPI-2-RF PSY-5 scales can serve both conceptually and practically as a bridge between the DSM-5 Section 2 PD criteria and the DSM-5 Section 3 personality features.

Development and Validation of Personality Disorder Spectra Scales for the MMPI–2–RF

“…Sellbom, Smid, De Saeger, Smit, and Kamphuis (2014) demonstrated that the MMPI-2-RF PSY-5 scales were significantly and meaningfully associated with PD criteria assessed through structured clinical interviews in Dutch clinical and forensic samples; many of these findings were replicated in Finn et al (2014). Similarly, added that the full set of MMPI-2-RF scales predicted DSM-5 Section II PD criteria for 7 of the 10 PDs (with sufficient variability) in those same samples.…”

“…For example, the item pool could be decomposed into commonly recognized major dimensions of internalizing, externalizing, and thought disorder dimensions-consistent with current conceptions within quantitative psychopathology (e.g., Caspi et al, 2014;Kotov et al, 2011;Markon, 2010;Wright et al, 2013) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP; Kotov et al, 2017). This property, along with the established cross-connections between categorical and dimensional PD constructs, indicates that the MMPI-2-RF might support the development of PD spectra based on traditional DSM diagnoses (see also Finn et al, 2014).…”

“…Indeed, points of connection can be made with the quantitative classification paradigm that views psychopathology as hierarchically organized dimensional constructs. Robust cross-connections between categorical and dimensional PD characterization have been demonstrated (e.g., Lynam & Widiger, 2001;Samuel & Widiger, 2004, 2008, including with the AMPD (e.g., Morey & Skodol, 2013;Samuel, Hopwood, Krueger, Thomas, & Ruggero, 2013;Samuel, Lynam, Widiger, & Ball, 2012), the CAT-PD (Evans, & Simms, 2017), and within the MMPI-2-RF Finn, Arbisi, Erbes, Polusny, & Thuras, 2014;. Furthermore, Millon and Strack (2015) also explicitly used the term PD spectrum to express a dimensional depiction of the array of multilevel personality constructs within a meaningful constellation of PD traits, temperaments, symptoms, and characteristics.…”

Personality traits and violent behavior: A comparison between psychopathic and non-psychopathic male murderers

“…To assess personality, on the other hand, several instruments have been proposed, such as, The Big Five Inventory (BFI) and Personality Inventory Revised -NEO PI-R (Miller et al, 2011), Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire -MPQ , Schedule for Non-adaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory -MMPI (Finn et al, 2014), for instance.…”

Childhood Maltreatment as Predictor of Pathological Personality Traits Using PSY-5 in an Adult Psychiatric Sample

“…More specifically, the five higher order factors of the FFM have been regarded as a valid dimensional system that may potentially represent the major dimensions that constitute personality (Costa & Widiger, 2002) and hold similarity with the five pathological personality trait domains suggested in the DSM-5 (negative affectivity vs. emotional stability, detachment vs. extraversion, antagonism vs. agreeableness, disinhibition vs. conscientiousness, psychoticism vs. lucidity). In addition, the five domains of pathological personality traits as presented in the DSM-5 share conceptual similarity with the Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5; Harkness, 1992;Harkness, Reynolds, & Lilienfeld, 2014), namely aggressiveness, disconstraint, negative emotionality/neuroticism, and introversion/low positive emotionality in studies examining its concurrent validity (Finn et al, 2014;Harkness et al, 2014). The traits composing the PSY-5 have been hypothesized to reflect the five major human adjustment systems, namely reality modeling for action, short-term danger detection, long-term cost-benefit projection, resource acquisition, and agenda protection (Harkness et al, 2014).…”